virtualenv and Maya

问题:

I'm trying to set up virtualenv to point at Maya 2013's executable so I can run unit tests inside it from the shell. Maya uses a custom python 2.6 executable located at /usr/autodesk/maya/bin/mayapy. I get these errors:

$ virtualenv -p /usr/autodesk/maya/bin/mayapy mayapy
Running virtualenv with interpreter /usr/autodesk/maya/bin/mayapy
PYTHONHOME is set.  You *must* activate the virtualenv before using it
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/virtualenv.py", line 2577, in <module>
    main()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/virtualenv.py", line 979, in main
    no_pip=options.no_pip)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/virtualenv.py", line 1081, in create_environment
    site_packages=site_packages, clear=clear))
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/virtualenv.py", line 1289, in install_python
    writefile(site_filename_dst, SITE_PY)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/virtualenv.py", line 445, in writefile
    f = open(dest, 'wb')
IOError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'mayapy/lib/python26.zip/site.py'

I've read virtualenv's page, the output of virtualenv -h, a few basic virtualenv writeups like this one, and searched google and SO for both virtualenv and maya+virtualenv pairings, all to no avail.

Here's the verbose output:

$ virtualenv -vv -p /usr/autodesk/maya/bin/mayapy mayapy
Running virtualenv with interpreter /usr/autodesk/maya/bin/mayapy
PYTHONHOME is set.  You *must* activate the virtualenv before using it
Directory mayapy/lib/python2.6 already exists
Symlinking Python bootstrap modules
  Cannot import bootstrap module: os
  Ignoring built-in bootstrap module: posix
  Cannot import bootstrap module: posixpath
  Cannot import bootstrap module: nt
  Cannot import bootstrap module: ntpath
  Cannot import bootstrap module: genericpath
  Cannot import bootstrap module: fnmatch
  Cannot import bootstrap module: locale
  Cannot import bootstrap module: encodings
  Cannot import bootstrap module: codecs
  Cannot import bootstrap module: stat
  Cannot import bootstrap module: UserDict
  File mayapy/lib/python2.6/lib-dynload/readline.so already exists
  Cannot import bootstrap module: copy_reg
  Cannot import bootstrap module: types
  Cannot import bootstrap module: re
  Cannot import bootstrap module: sre
  Cannot import bootstrap module: sre_parse
  Cannot import bootstrap module: sre_constants
  Cannot import bootstrap module: sre_compile
  File mayapy/lib/python2.6/lib-dynload/zlib.so already exists
  Cannot import bootstrap module: warnings
  Cannot import bootstrap module: linecache
  Cannot import bootstrap module: _abcoll
  Cannot import bootstrap module: abc
Directory mayapy/lib/python2.6/site-packages already exists
Writing mayapy/lib/python26.zip/site.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/virtualenv.py", line 2577, in <module>
    main()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/virtualenv.py", line 979, in main
    no_pip=options.no_pip)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/virtualenv.py", line 1081, in create_environment
    site_packages=site_packages, clear=clear))
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/virtualenv.py", line 1289, in install_python
    writefile(site_filename_dst, SITE_PY)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/virtualenv.py", line 445, in writefile
    f = open(dest, 'wb')
IOError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'mayapy/lib/python26.zip/site.py'

回答1:

Download the latest virtualenv and call it virtualenv with the version of python you want to virtualize:

/usr/autodesk/maya/bin/mayapy where/i/saved/virtualenv mayapy

回答2:

An alternative that's good for unittesting without messing with your maya runtime environment is to run your tests inside an instance of maya.standalone. If your tests all include something like this:

import maya.standalone
try: 
    maya.standalone.initialize()
except:
    pass # initialize raises if you call it more than once, but it's harmless if you catch it.

you can run them from the mayapy intepreter without running maya in gui mode.