In-place substitution of PyGTK widgets

问题:

The code below creates a column of three labels. I would like to take the middle label, and replace it with another widget using the text from the label after the initial creation of the UI.

My actual use case is to take a GTKBuilder populated UI, and replace any particular named label with a dynamically wrapped label at run time. (I used a button here because it's simple but distinct.) Then I can still use Glade to set up the UI, including the labels, and not pepper my Python code with errant labels and strings if I later want to make a label wrap.

The code as it stands does not work - the new button gets added to the end of the column, and I want it to remain in the middle, where label2 was to begin with. What can I do, preferably in wrap_in_button, to make sure it ends up in the correct place? I'd rather keep it general, since the parent may be a Box or a Table or any general Container.

import pygtk
import gtk

def destroy(widget, data=None):
    gtk.main_quit()

def wrap_in_button(label):
    text = label.get_text()
    button = gtk.Button(text)

    parent = label.get_parent()

    if parent:
        parent.remove(label)
        parent.add(button)

def Main():
    # Pretend that this chunk is actually replaced by GTKBuilder work
    # From here...
    window = gtk.Window()
    window.connect('destroy', destroy)

    box = gtk.VBox()
    window.add(box)

    label1 = gtk.Label("Label 1")
    label2 = gtk.Label("Label 2")
    label3 = gtk.Label("Label 3")

    box.pack_start(label1)
    box.pack_start(label2)
    box.pack_start(label3)

    # ...up to here

    # Comment this to see the original layout
    wrap_in_button(label2)

    window.show_all()

    gtk.main()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    Main()

回答1:

Instead of putting the labels directly into the main container you can put each one into it's own box.

Change this:

label1 = gtk.Label("Label 1")
label2 = gtk.Label("Label 2")
label3 = gtk.Label("Label 3")

box.pack_start(label1)
box.pack_start(label2)
box.pack_start(label3)

To this:

box1 = gtk.HBox()
label1 = gtk.Label("Label 1")
box1.pack_start(label1)

box2 = gtk.HBox()
label2 = gtk.Label("Label 2")
box2.pack_start(label2)

box3 = gtk.HBox()
label3 = gtk.Label("Label 3")
box3.pack_start(label3)

box.pack_start(box1)
box.pack_start(box2)
box.pack_start(box3)

The rest of the code can stay the same. You just have to make sure that you only have 1 child widget in those boxes at a time.

回答2:

I found the solution in the code of the gazpacho interface designer.

You can use this function:

def replace_widget(current, new):
    """
    Replace one widget with another.
    'current' has to be inside a container (e.g. gtk.VBox).
    """
    container = current.parent
    assert container # is "current" inside a container widget?

    # stolen from gazpacho code (widgets/base/base.py):
    props = {}
    for pspec in gtk.container_class_list_child_properties(container):
        props[pspec.name] = container.child_get_property(current, pspec.name)

    gtk.Container.remove(container, current)
    container.add(new)

    for name, value in props.items():
        container.child_set_property(new, name, value)

The key seems to be to transfer the child properties from the old widget to the new one after running gtk.Container.add().

Applied to your example, this would be:

import pygtk
import gtk

def replace_widget(current, new):
    """
    Replace one widget with another.
    'current' has to be inside a container (e.g. gtk.VBox).
    """
    container = current.parent
    assert container # is "current" inside a container widget?

    # stolen from gazpacho code (widgets/base/base.py):
    props = {}
    for pspec in gtk.container_class_list_child_properties(container):
        props[pspec.name] = container.child_get_property(current, pspec.name)

    gtk.Container.remove(container, current)
    container.add(new)

    for name, value in props.items():
        container.child_set_property(new, name, value)

def destroy(widget, data=None):
    gtk.main_quit()

def wrap_in_button(label):
    text = label.get_text()
    button = gtk.Button(text)

    replace_widget(label, button)

def Main():
    # Pretend that this chunk is actually replaced by GTKBuilder work
    # From here...
    window = gtk.Window()
    window.connect('destroy', destroy)

    box = gtk.VBox()
    window.add(box)

    label1 = gtk.Label("Label 1")
    label2 = gtk.Label("Label 2")
    label3 = gtk.Label("Label 3")

    box.pack_start(label1)
    box.pack_start(label2)
    box.pack_start(label3)

    # ...up to here

    wrap_in_button(label2)

    window.show_all()
    gtk.main()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    Main()

This works for me using Python 2.6.6 and PyGTK 2.17.

As a solution to your original problem, I used label_set_autowrap() from here and it worked most of the time. However, it's not a perfect solution as I wasn't able to correctly right-align auto-wrapped text.

回答3:

The pygtk docs has some useful information on the add function:

This method is typically used for simple containers such as gtk.Window, gtk.Frame, or gtk.Button that hold a single child widget. For layout containers that handle multiple children such as gtk.Box or gtk.Table, this function will pick default packing parameters that may not be correct.

For containers with more than one child item, it goes on to say that they have specialised functions for adding items. In your case, gtk.Box has three options: pack_start, pack_end, and reorder_child.

I'm not sure how it will handle using pack_start (or pack_end) after an item has been removed. Failing that, reorder_child sounds like it might help.

If none of these work, you could always remove and re-add all widgets in the correct order using pack_start.

回答4:

Similar to Matthias'es answer, I wrote the code below once:

it doesn't keep all the properties though, thus it only works with some containers, those that I cared to test at the time.

Made for python 2.4.x and pygtk of same age, might still work for you.

def replace_widget(cur, replace):
  """replace cur widget with another in a container keeping child properties"""
  con = cur.get_parent()
  pos = con.child_get_property(cur, "position")
  pak = con.query_child_packing(cur)
  con.remove(cur)
  if replace.get_parent(): replace.get_parent().remove(replace)
  con.add_with_properties(replace, "position", pos)
  con.set_child_packing(replace, *pak)