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问题:
I've got some PNG images with transparency, and I need to create versions with the image layer composed onto a white background. I've tried various things with Image Magick "convert" operations, but either nothing happens at all or I get an error. I don't want to go to an intermediate JPG form because I don't want the artifacts. Of course it's easy to do this in Gimp or Photoshop or whatever, but I'd really rather script it from the command line because there are many of these things.
An example of a non-working Image Magick command is:
convert img1.png -background white -flatten img1-white.png
That results in an error.
Thanks!
回答1:
This works for me:
convert -flatten img1.png img1-white.png
Documentation references:
-flatten
command-line option
-layers
command-line option (-flatten
is equivalent to -layers flatten
)
回答2:
-background white -alpha off
Example:
convert image.png -background white -alpha off white.png
Feel free to replace white
with any other color you want. Imagemagick documentation says this about the -alpha off
operation:
This operation is simple and fast, and does the job without needing
any extra memory use, or other side effects that may be associated
with alternative transparency removal techniques. It is thus the
preferred way of removing image transparency.
回答3:
Flattening image and applying background image is straight forward in ImageMagick
However, order of the commands is very important
To apply any background on a transparent image and flatten it, first apply the background than flatten it. The reverse doesn't work.
$ convert sourceimage.png -background BackgroundColor -flatten destinationimage.png
回答4:
The only one that worked for me was a mix of all the answers:
convert in.png -background white -alpha remove -flatten -alpha off out.png
回答5:
Using -flatten made me completely mad because -flatten in combination with mogrify crop and resizing simply doesn't work. The official and for me only correct way is to "remove" the alpha channel.
-alpha remove -alpha off (not needed with JPG)
See documention: http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/masking/#remove
回答6:
here's how to replace the same image in all folders in a directory with white instead of transparent:
mogrify -background white -flatten */*.png
回答7:
The Alpha Remove section of the ImageMagick Usage Guide suggests using the -alpha remove
option, e.g.:
convert in.png -background white -alpha remove out.png
...using the -background
color of your choosing.
The guide states:
This operation is simple and fast, and does the job without needing any extra memory use, or other side effects that may be associated with alternative transparency removal techniques. It is thus the prefered way of removing image transparency.
It additionally adds the note:
Note that while transparency is 'removed' the alpha channel will remain turned on, but will now be fully-opaque. If you no longer need the alpha channel you can then use Alpha Off to disable it.
Thus, if you do not need the alpha channel you can make your output image size smaller by adding the -alpha off
option, e.g:
convert in.png -background white -alpha remove -alpha off out.png
There are more details on other, often-used techniques for removing transparency described in the Removing Transparency from Images section.
Included in that section is mention of an important caveat to the usage of -flatten
as a technique for removing transparency:
However this will not work with "mogrify" or with a sequence of multiple images, basically because the "-flatten" operator is really designed to merge multiple images into a single image.
So, if you are converting several images at once, e.g. generating thumbnails from a PDF file, -flatten
will not do what you want (it will flatten all images for all pages into one image). On the other hand, using the -alpha remove
technique will still produce multiple images, each one having transparency removed.
回答8:
It appears that your command is correct so the problem might be due to missing support for PNG (). You can check with convert -list configure
or just try the following:
sudo yum install libpng libpng-devel
回答9:
This is not exactly the answer to your question, but I found your question while trying to figure out how to remove the alpha channel, so I decided to add this answer here:
If you want to remove alpha channel using imagemagick, you can use this command:
mogrify -alpha off ./*.png
回答10:
Welp it looks like my decision to install "graphics magick" over "image magick" has some rough edges - when I reinstall genuine crufty old "image magick", then the above command works perfectly well.
edit, a long time later — One of these days I'll check to see if "graphics magick" has fixed this issue.
回答11:
I needed either: both -alpha background
and -flatten
, or -fill
.
I made a new PNG with a transparent background and a red dot in the middle.
convert image.png -background green -alpha off green.png
failed: it produced an image with black background
convert image.png -background green -alpha background -flatten green.png
produced an image with the correct green background.
Of course, with another file that I renamed image.png
, it failed to do anything. For that file, I found that the color of the transparent pixels was "#d5d5d5" so I filled that color with green:
convert image.png -fill green -opaque "#d5d5d5" green.png
replaced the transparent pixels with the correct green.
回答12:
this creates an image just placing the 1st with transparency on top of the 2nd
composite -gravity center ImgWithTransp.png BackgroundSameSizeOfImg.png ResultImg.png
originally found the tip on this post
回答13:
To actually remove the alpha channel from the file, use the alpha off option:
convert in.png -background white -alpha off out.png
回答14:
I saw this question and answers which really help me but then I was needed to do it for a lot of files, So in case you have multiple images (PNG images) in one folder and you want to do it for all:
find ./ -name "*.png" -exec convert {} -flatten {} \;
回答15:
It's -alpha off, NOT -alpha remove! iOS app store upload fails when there is an alpha channel in any icon!!
Here's how to do it:
mogrify -alpha off *.png