在一个单独的UI线程WPF加载动画？ （C＃） 在一个单独的UI线程WPF加载动画？ （C＃）

2019-05-12 08:33发布

站内文章 / 前端开发
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好吧，我有一个运行而大型数据表被填充，让用户知道该程序不冻结加载动画。 我有动画工作正常，但它冻结，而数据表是updatingv为好。 是否有某种方式有多个UI线程，使动画将继续，而数据表加载信息来运行？

编辑：目前的代码如下。 

private void CreateFileTable()
{
    file_data = new DataSet();
    data_table = new DataTable();
    file_data.Tables.Add(data_table);

    DataColumn tempCol = new DataColumn("File Name", typeof(string));
    data_table.Columns.Add(tempCol);

    tempCol = new DataColumn("Ext", typeof(string));
    data_table.Columns.Add(tempCol);

    tempCol = new DataColumn("Size", typeof(string));
    data_table.Columns.Add(tempCol);

    tempCol = new DataColumn("Created", typeof(Label));
    data_table.Columns.Add(tempCol);

    tempCol = new DataColumn("Modified", typeof(Label));
    data_table.Columns.Add(tempCol);

    tempCol = new DataColumn("Accessed", typeof(Label));
    data_table.Columns.Add(tempCol);

    tempCol = new DataColumn("Location", typeof(string));
    data_table.Columns.Add(tempCol);

    File_List.ItemsSource = file_data.Tables[0].DefaultView;
}

private void PopulateDirectories(string[] directories)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < directories.Length; i++)
    {
        DirectoryInfo tempDirInfo = new DirectoryInfo(directories[i]);

        bool isSystem = ((tempDirInfo.Attributes & FileAttributes.System) == FileAttributes.System);

        if (!isSystem)
        {
            DataRow tempRow = data_table.NewRow();
            tempRow["File Name"] = tempDirInfo.Name;
            tempRow["Ext"] = "";
            tempRow["Size"] = "";

            tempLabel = new Label();
            tempLabel.Padding = new Thickness(2, 0, 2, 0);
            tempLabel.Content = tempDirInfo.CreationTime.ToLongDateString() + ", " + tempDirInfo.CreationTime.ToLongTimeString();

            tempRow["Created"] = tempLabel;

            tempLabel = new Label();
            tempLabel.Padding = new Thickness(2, 0, 2, 0);
            tempLabel.Content = tempDirInfo.LastWriteTime.ToLongDateString() + ", " + tempDirInfo.LastWriteTime.ToLongTimeString();

            tempRow["Modified"] = tempLabel;

            tempLabel = new Label();
            tempLabel.Padding = new Thickness(2, 0, 2, 0);
            tempLabel.Content = tempDirInfo.LastAccessTime.ToLongDateString() + ", " + tempDirInfo.LastAccessTime.ToLongTimeString();

            tempRow["Accessed"] = tempLabel;
            tempRow["Location"] = tempDirInfo.FullName;

            data_table.Rows.Add(tempRow);
        }
    }
}

private void PopulateFiles(string[] files)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < files.Length; i++)
    {
        FileInfo tempFileInfo = new FileInfo(files[i]);

        bool isSystem = ((File.GetAttributes(files[i]) & FileAttributes.System) == FileAttributes.System);

        if (!isSystem)
        {
            DataRow tempRow = data_table.NewRow();
            tempRow["File Name"] = tempFileInfo.Name;
            tempRow["Ext"] = tempFileInfo.Extension;

            int fileSize = (int)tempFileInfo.Length;

            if (fileSize > 1048576)
            {
                tempRow["Size"] = "" + fileSize / 1048576 + " MB";
            }
            else if (fileSize > 1024)
            {
                tempRow["Size"] = "" + fileSize / 1024 + " KB";
            }
            else
            {
                tempRow["Size"] = "" + fileSize + " B";
            }

            tempLabel = new Label();
            tempLabel.Padding = new Thickness(2, 0, 2, 0);
            tempLabel.Content = tempFileInfo.CreationTime.ToLongDateString() + ", " + tempFileInfo.CreationTime.ToLongTimeString();

            tempRow["Created"] = tempLabel;

            tempLabel = new Label();
            tempLabel.Padding = new Thickness(2, 0, 2, 0);
            tempLabel.Content = tempFileInfo.LastWriteTime.ToLongDateString() + ", " + tempFileInfo.LastWriteTime.ToLongTimeString();

            tempRow["Modified"] = tempLabel;

            tempLabel = new Label();
            tempLabel.Padding = new Thickness(2, 0, 2, 0);
            tempLabel.Content = tempFileInfo.LastAccessTime.ToLongDateString() + ", " + tempFileInfo.LastAccessTime.ToLongTimeString();

            tempRow["Accessed"] = tempLabel;
            tempRow["Location"] = tempFileInfo.DirectoryName;

            data_table.Rows.Add(tempRow);
        }
    }
}

private string GetSelectedPath(TreeViewItem selectedNode)
{
    return selectedNode.Tag as string;
}

private void PopulateFileList()
{
    PopulateDirectories(Directory.GetDirectories(GetSelectedPath((TreeViewItem)Dir_Tree.SelectedItem)));
    PopulateFiles(Directory.GetFiles(GetSelectedPath((TreeViewItem)Dir_Tree.SelectedItem)));
}

private void UpdateFileList()
{
    LoadingWheel.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible;

    CreateFileTable();
    PopulateFileList();
    TxtFoundCount.Text = "Files/Folders Found: " + File_List.Items.Count;

    LoadingWheel.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Hidden;
}

我已经使用BackgroundWorker并调用它里面的UpdateFileList（）方法试过了，但我没有任何运气。

编辑：下面是我的BackgroundWorker的代码。 

private BackgroundWorker bgWorker1;

private void InitializeBackgroundWorker()
{
    bgWorker1 = new BackgroundWorker();
    bgWorker1.DoWork += new DoWorkEventHandler(bgWorker1_DoWork);
    bgWorker1.RunWorkerCompleted += new RunWorkerCompletedEventHandler(bgWorker1_RunWorkerCompleted);
}

private void bgWorker1_DoWork(object sender, DoWorkEventArgs e)
{
    if (Dispatcher.CheckAccess())
    {
        PopulateFileList();
    }
    else
    {
        Dispatcher.Invoke(new Action(() => PopulateFileList()));
    }
}

private void bgWorker1_RunWorkerCompleted(object sender, RunWorkerCompletedEventArgs e)
{
    TxtFoundCount.Text = "Files/Folders Found: " + File_List.Items.Count;
    LoadingWheel.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Hidden;
}

private void UpdateFileList()
{
    LoadingWheel.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible;
    CreateFileTable();
    bgWorker1.RunWorkerAsync();
}

我有一个调用InitializeBackgroundWorker（）和UpdateFileList（）一个TreeView一个SelectionChanged事件。 列表加载的是，我没有错误，但加载动画从来没有变得可见。

任何帮助将不胜感激。

谢谢。

Answer 1:

世界上只有一个UI线程。 你需要做的是装载在不同的线程在数据表中的数据。

如果你想展现给沿途的DataTable的加载进度（直接或通过一个或进度其他机制），该BackgroundWorker的是一个相当直接的方式来做到这一点。

UPDATE：很简单背景工人例子
这里是一个非常简单的例子。 它增加了100张随机数的集合，暂停线程之间的每一个很短的时间来模拟一个长时间加载过程。 你可以简单地剪切和粘贴到自己的一个测试项目，看看行不行。

需要注意的一点是，繁重的事务（这需要一段时间的东西）在DoWork的完成，而所有UI更新在ProgressChanged和RunWorkerCompleted完成。 事实上，在DoWork的处理程序创建一个单独的列表（数字），因为全球mNumbers集合是在UI线程上，并在DoWork的处理程序不能互动。

XAML 

<Button x:Name="btnGenerateNumbers"
        Grid.Row="1"
        HorizontalAlignment="Center"
        VerticalAlignment="Center"
        Content="Generate Numbers" />

C＃代码隐藏 

BackgroundWorker bgWorker = new BackgroundWorker();
ObservableCollection<int> mNumbers = new ObservableCollection<int>();

public Window1()
{
    InitializeComponent();
    bgWorker.DoWork += 
        new DoWorkEventHandler(bgWorker_DoWork);
    bgWorker.ProgressChanged += 
        new ProgressChangedEventHandler(bgWorker_ProgressChanged);
    bgWorker.RunWorkerCompleted += 
        new RunWorkerCompletedEventHandler(bgWorker_RunWorkerCompleted);
    bgWorker.WorkerReportsProgress = true;

    btnGenerateNumbers.Click += (s, e) => UpdateNumbers();

    this.DataContext = this;
}

void bgWorker_RunWorkerCompleted(object sender, RunWorkerCompletedEventArgs e)
{
    progress.Visibility = Visibility.Collapsed;
    lstItems.Opacity = 1d;
    btnGenerateNumbers.IsEnabled = true;
}

void bgWorker_ProgressChanged(object sender, ProgressChangedEventArgs e)
{
    List<int> numbers = (List<int>)e.UserState;
    foreach (int number in numbers)
    {
         mNumbers.Add(number);
    }

    progress.Value = e.ProgressPercentage;
}

void bgWorker_DoWork(object sender, DoWorkEventArgs e)
{
    Random rnd = new Random();
    List<int> numbers = new List<int>(10);

    for (int i = 1; i <= 100; i++)
    {
        // Add a random number
        numbers.Add(rnd.Next());            

        // Sleep from 1/8 of a second to 1 second
        Thread.Sleep(rnd.Next(125, 1000));

        // Every 10 iterations, report progress
        if ((i % 10) == 0)
        {
            bgWorker.ReportProgress(i, numbers.ToList<int>());
            numbers.Clear();
        }
    }
}

public ObservableCollection<int> NumberItems
{
    get { return mNumbers; }
}

private void UpdateNumbers()
{
    btnGenerateNumbers.IsEnabled = false;
    mNumbers.Clear();
    progress.Value = 0;
    progress.Visibility = Visibility.Visible;
    lstItems.Opacity = 0.5;

    bgWorker.RunWorkerAsync();
}


Answer 2:

我写了一个小测试，其显示了使用Dispatcher类的。 它只是需要一个WPF的窗口，并用名称“列表框”列表框。 应该很容易将此解决您的问题。 

    public void Populate() {
        // for comparison, freezing the ui thread
        for (int i = 0; i < 1000000; i++) {
            listBox.Items.Add(i);
        }
    }

    private delegate void AddItemDelegate(int item);
    public void PopulateAsync() {
        // create a new thread which is iterating the elements
        new System.Threading.Thread(new System.Threading.ThreadStart(delegate() {
            // inside the new thread: iterate the elements
            for (int i = 0; i < 1000000; i++) {
                // use the dispatcher to "queue" the insertion of elements into the UI-Thread
                // DispatcherPriority.Background ensures Animations have a higher Priority and the UI does not freeze
                // possible enhancement: group the "jobs" to small units to enhance the performance
                listBox.Dispatcher.Invoke(new AddItemDelegate(delegate(int item) {
                    listBox.Items.Add(item);
                }), System.Windows.Threading.DispatcherPriority.Background, i);
            }
        })).Start();
    }


文章来源: WPF loading animation on a separate UI thread? (C#)
标签： c# wpf multithreading animation loading
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