了解List运算符(%)在Boost.Spirit了解List运算符(%)在Boost.Spirit

2019-05-12 06:34发布

你能帮助我理解之间的区别a % b解析器和其扩展a >> *(b >> a)在Boost.Spirit形式? 即使参考手册指出,它们是等价的,

该列表操作, a % b ,是一个二进制运算符相匹配的一个或多个重复的列表a通过的出现分隔b 。 这相当于a >> *(b >> a)

下面的程序产生取决于其中使用不同的结果:

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>

#include <boost/fusion/include/adapt_struct.hpp>
#include <boost/spirit/include/qi.hpp>

struct Record {
  int id;
  std::vector<int> values;
};

BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(Record,
  (int, id)
  (std::vector<int>, values)
)

int main() {
  namespace qi = boost::spirit::qi;

  const auto str = std::string{"1: 2, 3, 4"};

  const auto rule1 = qi::int_ >> ':' >> (qi::int_ % ',')                 >> qi::eoi;
  const auto rule2 = qi::int_ >> ':' >> (qi::int_ >> *(',' >> qi::int_)) >> qi::eoi;

  Record record1;
  if (qi::phrase_parse(str.begin(), str.end(), rule1, qi::space, record1)) {
    std::cout << record1.id << ": ";
    for (const auto& value : record1.values) { std::cout << value << ", "; }
    std::cout << '\n';
  } else {
    std::cerr << "syntax error\n";
  }

  Record record2;
  if (qi::phrase_parse(str.begin(), str.end(), rule2, qi::space, record2)) {
    std::cout << record2.id << ": ";
    for (const auto& value : record2.values) { std::cout << value << ", "; }
    std::cout << '\n';
  } else {
    std::cerr << "syntax error\n";
  }
}

住在Coliru

1: 2, 3, 4, 
1: 2, 

rule1rule2只在不同的rule1使用列表操作符( (qi::int_ % ',')rule2使用它的扩展形式( (qi::int_ >> *(',' >> qi::int_)) 然而, rule1产生1: 2, 3, 4,如预期)和rule2产生1: 2, 我不明白的结果, rule2 :1)为什么是从不同的rule1和2)为什么是34不包括在record2.values即使phrase_parse莫名其妙地回到正确的?

Answer 1:

更新 X3版本添加

首先,你掉进这里深深的陷阱:

齐规则不工作, auto 。 使用qi::copy或只用qi::rule<> 你的程序有不确定的行为,实际上坠毁我(的valgrind指出,在悬空的引用来源)。

所以,第一关:

const auto rule = qi::copy(qi::int_ >> ':' >> (qi::int_ % ',')                 >> qi::eoi); 

现在,当你在程序中删除冗余,您可以:

重现问题

住在Coliru

int main() {
    test(qi::copy(qi::int_ >> ':' >> (qi::int_ % ',')));
    test(qi::copy(qi::int_ >> ':' >> (qi::int_ >> *(',' >> qi::int_))));
}

印花

1: 2, 3, 4, 
1: 2, 

原因和修复

发生了什么事3, 4这是成功解析

那么,属性传播规则指示qi::int_ >> *(',' >> qi::int_)公开了一tuple<int, vector<int> > 。 力图神奇DoTheRightThing(TM)精神偶然失火和“assigngs”的int到属性参考,忽略剩余的vector<int>

如果你想使容器属性解析为“原子团”,用qi::as<>

test(qi::copy(qi::int_ >> ':' >> qi::as<Record::values_t>() [ qi::int_ >> *(',' >> qi::int_)]));

这里as<>充当属性兼容性启发式的障碍和语法知道你的意思:

住在Coliru

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>

#include <boost/fusion/include/adapt_struct.hpp>
#include <boost/spirit/include/qi.hpp>

struct Record {
  int id;
  using values_t = std::vector<int>;
  values_t values;
};

BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(Record, id, values)

namespace qi = boost::spirit::qi;

template <typename T>
void test(T const& rule) {
    const std::string str = "1: 2, 3, 4";

    Record record;

    if (qi::phrase_parse(str.begin(), str.end(), rule >> qi::eoi, qi::space, record)) {
        std::cout << record.id << ": ";
        for (const auto& value : record.values) { std::cout << value << ", "; }
        std::cout << '\n';
    } else {
        std::cerr << "syntax error\n";
    }
}

int main() {
    test(qi::copy(qi::int_ >> ':' >> (qi::int_ % ',')));
    test(qi::copy(qi::int_ >> ':' >> (qi::int_ >> *(',' >> qi::int_))));
    test(qi::copy(qi::int_ >> ':' >> qi::as<Record::values_t>() [ qi::int_ >> *(',' >> qi::int_)]));
}

打印

1: 2, 3, 4, 
1: 2, 
1: 2, 3, 4, 


Answer 2:

因为它的时间让人们开始与X3(精神的新版本),因为我喜欢挑战msyelf做相应的任务,精神X3,这里是灵X3版本。

有没有问题, auto在X3。

“破”的情况下也表现要好得多,这触发静态断言:

    // If you got an error here, then you are trying to pass
    // a fusion sequence with the wrong number of elements
    // as that expected by the (sequence) parser.
    static_assert(
        fusion::result_of::size<Attribute>::value == (l_size + r_size)
      , "Attribute does not have the expected size."
    );

很好 ,对不对?

解决方法似乎有点不太可读。

test(int_ >> ':' >> (rule<struct _, Record::values_t>{} = (int_ >> *(',' >> int_))));

但是,这将是微不足道的编写自己as<> “指令”(或只是一个函数),如果你想要的东西:

namespace {
    template <typename T>
    struct as_type {
        template <typename Expr>
            auto operator[](Expr&& expr) const {
                return x3::rule<struct _, T>{"as"} = x3::as_parser(std::forward<Expr>(expr));
            }
    };

    template <typename T> static const as_type<T> as = {};
}

DEMO

住在Coliru

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>

#include <boost/fusion/adapted/std_tuple.hpp>
#include <boost/spirit/home/x3.hpp>

struct Record {
    int id;
    using values_t = std::vector<int>;
    values_t values;
};

namespace x3 = boost::spirit::x3;

template <typename T>
void test(T const& rule) {
    const std::string str = "1: 2, 3, 4";

    Record record;

    auto attr = std::tie(record.id, record.values);

    if (x3::phrase_parse(str.begin(), str.end(), rule >> x3::eoi, x3::space, attr)) {
        std::cout << record.id << ": ";
        for (const auto& value : record.values) { std::cout << value << ", "; }
        std::cout << '\n';
    } else {
        std::cerr << "syntax error\n";
    }
}

namespace {
    template <typename T>
    struct as_type {
        template <typename Expr>
            auto operator[](Expr&& expr) const {
                return x3::rule<struct _, T>{"as"} = x3::as_parser(std::forward<Expr>(expr));
            }
    };

    template <typename T> static const as_type<T> as = {};
}

int main() {
    using namespace x3;
    test(int_ >> ':' >> (int_ % ','));
    //test(int_ >> ':' >> (int_ >> *(',' >> int_))); // COMPILER asserts "Attribute does not have the expected size."

    // "clumsy" x3 style workaround
    test(int_ >> ':' >> (rule<struct _, Record::values_t>{} = (int_ >> *(',' >> int_))));

    // using an ad-hoc `as<>` implementation:
    test(int_ >> ':' >> as<Record::values_t>[int_ >> *(',' >> int_)]);
}

打印

1: 2, 3, 4, 
1: 2, 3, 4, 
1: 2, 3, 4, 


文章来源: Understanding the List Operator (%) in Boost.Spirit