script full name and path $0 not visible when call

问题:

I have a script "task.sh" with the following content:

#!/bin/bash

CUR_DIR=`pwd`
SCRIPTPATH="${CUR_DIR}/`dirname $0`"

when I call it with "bash task.sh" it works as expected but when it is called with ". task.sh"

$ . log/task.sh 
dirname: invalid option -- b
Try `dirname --help' for more information.

When the script is being scheduled in crontab it is not working as well. Can someone tell me what am I doing wrong or a different way in order to get the directory of a script that is not the current directory ?

回答1:

When you invoke it as bash task.sh, bash assigns "task.sh" to $0 (from the bash manual: "If Bash is invoked with a file of commands [...] $0 is set to the name of that file.").

When you source the file, bash does not alter $0, it just executes the script in the current environment. What's in $0 in your current enviroment?

$ echo "$0"
-bash

The leading dash will be interpreted by dirname as an option.

If it's in a cron job, why are you sourcing it?

If you need to source your script, this will work if your shell is bash:

SCRIPTPATH="${CUR_DIR}/${BASH_ARGV[0]}"

However, cron's shell is, I believe, /bin/sh. Even if /bin/sh is a symlink to bash, when bash is invoked as sh it will try to behave POSIXly: the BASH_ARGV array probably won't be available to you.

回答2:

There is no reason to call external binaries such as pwd and dirname when using bash. The functionality of these two binaries can be replicated with pure shell syntax.

Try the following:

#!/bin/bash

CUR_DIR="$PWD"
SCRIPTPATH="${CUR_DIR}/${0#*/}"

回答3:

When you type,

bash foo.sh

you are executing script foo.sh, and bash sets the input argument $0 to the name of the script which is being run.

When you type,

. foo.sh

you are sourcing the script and the input argument $0 is not set. In this situation you can use the automatic variable $_ which contains the argument of the last executed command. In your script you could type,

SCRIPTPATH=$(dirname "$_")

to get the path of foo.sh. Notice that, for this to work, this has to be the first command executed in the file. Otherwise $_ will not contain the path of the sourced script.

Kudos to Dennis Williamson for providing this answer to a similar question.

回答4:

I have used this for a long time without issues.

SCRIPTPATH=$(cd `dirname -- $0` && pwd)

The -- disable further processing of parameters.