Mysql calculation in select statement

问题:

I have been doing my office work in Excel.and my records have become too much and want to use mysql.i have a view from db it has the columns "date,stockdelivered,sales" i want to add another calculated field know as "stock balance". i know this is supposed to be done at the client side during data entry. i have a script that generates php list/report only based on views and tables,it has no option for adding calculation fields, so i would like to make a view in mysql if possible.

in excel i used to do it as follows.

i would like to know if this is possible in mysql.

i don't have much experience with my sql but i imagine first one must be able to select the previous row.colomn4 then add it to the current row.colomn2 minus current row.colomn3

If there is another way to achieve the same out put please suggest.

回答1:

Eggyal has four good solutions. I think the cleanest way to do a running total in MySQL is using a correlated subquery -- it eliminates the group by at the end. So I would add to the list of options:

SELECT sr.Sale_Date, sr.Stock_Delivered, sr.Units_Sold,
       (select SUM(sr2.Stock_Delivered) - sum(sr2.Units_Sold)
        from sales_report sr2
        where sr2.sale_date <= sr.sale_date
       ) as StockBalance
FROM  sales_report sr
ORDER BY Sale_Date

回答2:

Generally speaking, SQL wasn't really intended to yield "running totals" like you desire. Other RDBMS have introduced proprietary extensions to deliver analytic functions which enable calculations of this sort, but MySQL lacks such features.

Instead, one broadly has four options. In no particular order:

1. Accumulate a running total in your application, as you loop over the resultset;

2. Alter your schema to keep track of a running total within your database (especially good in situations like this, where new data is only ever appended "to the end");

3. Group a self-join:

   SELECT   a.Sale_Date,
            SUM(a.Stock_Delivered)                AS Stock_Delivered,
            SUM(a.Units_Sold)                     AS Units_Sold,
            SUM(b.Stock_Delivered - b.Units_Sold) AS `Stock Balance`
   FROM     sales_report a
       JOIN sales_report b ON b.Sale_Date <= a.Sale_Date
   GROUP BY a.Sale_Date
   

4. Accumulate the running total in a user variable:

   SELECT   Sale_Date,
            Stock_Delivered,
            Units_Sold,
            @t := @t + Stock_Delivered - Units_Sold AS `Stock Balance`
   FROM     sales_report, (SELECT @t:=0) init
   ORDER BY Sale_Date
   

回答3:

SELECT
  sales_report.Stock_Delivered,
  sales_report.Units_Sold,
  sales_report.Stock_Delivered - sales_report.Units_Sold
FROM
  sales_report;