Last Observation Carried Forward In a data frame?

问题:

This question already has an answer here:

• Replacing NAs with latest non-NA value 13 answers

I wish to implement a "Last Observation Carried Forward" for a data set I am working on which has missing values at the end of it.

Here is a simple code to do it (question after it):

LOCF <- function(x)
{
    # Last Observation Carried Forward (for a left to right series)
    LOCF <- max(which(!is.na(x))) # the location of the Last Observation to Carry Forward
    x[LOCF:length(x)] <- x[LOCF]
    return(x)
}


# example:
LOCF(c(1,2,3,4,NA,NA))
LOCF(c(1,NA,3,4,NA,NA))

Now this works great for simple vectors. But if I where to try and use it on a data frame:

a <- data.frame(rep("a",4), 1:4,1:4, c(1,NA,NA,NA))
a
t(apply(a, 1, LOCF)) # will make a mess

It will turn my data frame into a character matrix.

Can you think of a way to do LOCF on a data.frame, without turning it into a matrix? (I could use loops and such to correct the mess, but would love for a more elegant solution)

Cheers,

Tal

回答1:

This already exists:

library(zoo)
na.locf(data.frame(rep("a",4), 1:4,1:4, c(1,NA,NA,NA)))

回答2:

If you do not want to load a big package like zoo just for the na.locf function, here is a short solution which also works if there are some leading NAs in the input vector.

na.locf <- function(x) {
  v <- !is.na(x)
  c(NA, x[v])[cumsum(v)+1]
}

回答3:

Adding the new tidyr::fill() function for carrying forward the last observation in a column to fill in NAs:

a <- data.frame(col1 = rep("a",4), col2 = 1:4, 
                col3 = 1:4, col4 = c(1,NA,NA,NA))
a
#   col1 col2 col3 col4
# 1    a    1    1    1
# 2    a    2    2   NA
# 3    a    3    3   NA
# 4    a    4    4   NA

a %>% tidyr::fill(col4)
#   col1 col2 col3 col4
# 1    a    1    1    1
# 2    a    2    2    1
# 3    a    3    3    1
# 4    a    4    4    1

回答4:

There are a bunch of packages implementing exactly this functionality. (with same basic functionality, but some differences in additional options)

• spacetime::na.locf
• imputeTS::na.locf
• zoo::na.locf
• xts::na.locf

回答5:

This question is old but for posterity... the best solution is to use data.table package with the roll=T.

回答6:

I ended up solving this using a loop:

fillInTheBlanks <- function(S) {
  L <- !is.na(S)
  c(S[L][1], S[L])[cumsum(L)+1]
}


LOCF.DF <- function(xx)
{
    # won't work well if the first observation is NA

    orig.class <- lapply(xx, class)

    new.xx <- data.frame(t( apply(xx,1, fillInTheBlanks) ))

    for(i in seq_along(orig.class))
    {
        if(orig.class[[i]] == "factor") new.xx[,i] <- as.factor(new.xx[,i])
        if(orig.class[[i]] == "numeric") new.xx[,i] <- as.numeric(new.xx[,i])
        if(orig.class[[i]] == "integer") new.xx[,i] <- as.integer(new.xx[,i])   
    }

    #t(na.locf(t(a)))

    return(new.xx)
}

a <- data.frame(rep("a",4), 1:4,1:4, c(1,NA,NA,NA))
LOCF.DF(a)

回答7:

Instead of apply() you can use lapply() and then transform the resulting list to data.frame.

LOCF <- function(x) {
    # Last Observation Carried Forward (for a left to right series)
    LOCF <- max(which(!is.na(x))) # the location of the Last Observation to Carry Forward
    x[LOCF:length(x)] <- x[LOCF]
    return(x)
}

a <- data.frame(rep("a",4), 1:4, 1:4, c(1, NA, NA, NA))
a
data.frame(lapply(a, LOCF))