How to redirect stdout and stderr to logger in Pyt

问题:

I have a logger that has a RotatingFileHandler. I want to redirect all Stdout and Stderr to the logger. How to do so?

回答1:

Not enough rep to comment, but I wanted to add the version of this that worked for me in case others are in a similar situation.

class LoggerWriter:
    def __init__(self, level):
        # self.level is really like using log.debug(message)
        # at least in my case
        self.level = level

    def write(self, message):
        # if statement reduces the amount of newlines that are
        # printed to the logger
        if message != '\n':
            self.level(message)

    def flush(self):
        # create a flush method so things can be flushed when
        # the system wants to. Not sure if simply 'printing'
        # sys.stderr is the correct way to do it, but it seemed
        # to work properly for me.
        self.level(sys.stderr)

and this would look something like:

log = logging.getLogger('foobar')
sys.stdout = LoggerWriter(log.debug)
sys.stderr = LoggerWriter(log.warning)

回答2:

If it's an all-Python system (i.e. no C libraries writing to fds directly, as Ignacio Vazquez-Abrams asked about) then you might be able to use an approach as suggested here:

class LoggerWriter:
    def __init__(self, logger, level):
        self.logger = logger
        self.level = level

    def write(self, message):
        if message != '\n':
            self.logger.log(self.level, message)

and then set sys.stdout and sys.stderr to LoggerWriter instances.

回答3:

All of the prior answers seem to have problems adding extra newlines where they aren't needed. The solution that works best for me is from http://www.electricmonk.nl/log/2011/08/14/redirect-stdout-and-stderr-to-a-logger-in-python/, where he demonstrates how send both stdout and stderr to the logger:

import logging
import sys

class StreamToLogger(object):
   """
   Fake file-like stream object that redirects writes to a logger instance.
   """
   def __init__(self, logger, log_level=logging.INFO):
      self.logger = logger
      self.log_level = log_level
      self.linebuf = ''

   def write(self, buf):
      for line in buf.rstrip().splitlines():
         self.logger.log(self.log_level, line.rstrip())

logging.basicConfig(
   level=logging.DEBUG,
   format='%(asctime)s:%(levelname)s:%(name)s:%(message)s',
   filename="out.log",
   filemode='a'
)

stdout_logger = logging.getLogger('STDOUT')
sl = StreamToLogger(stdout_logger, logging.INFO)
sys.stdout = sl

stderr_logger = logging.getLogger('STDERR')
sl = StreamToLogger(stderr_logger, logging.ERROR)
sys.stderr = sl

print "Test to standard out"
raise Exception('Test to standard error')

The output looks like:

2011-08-14 14:46:20,573:INFO:STDOUT:Test to standard out
2011-08-14 14:46:20,573:ERROR:STDERR:Traceback (most recent call last):
2011-08-14 14:46:20,574:ERROR:STDERR:  File "redirect.py", line 33, in 
2011-08-14 14:46:20,574:ERROR:STDERR:raise Exception('Test to standard error')
2011-08-14 14:46:20,574:ERROR:STDERR:Exception
2011-08-14 14:46:20,574:ERROR:STDERR::
2011-08-14 14:46:20,574:ERROR:STDERR:Test to standard error

Note that self.linebuf = '' is where the flush is being handled, rather than implementing a flush function.

回答4:

You can use redirect_stdout context manager:

import logging
from contextlib import redirect_stdout

logging.basicConfig(stream=sys.stdout, level=logging.DEBUG)
logging.write = lambda msg: logging.info(msg) if msg != '\n' else None

with redirect_stdout(logging):
    print('Test')

or like this

import logging
from contextlib import redirect_stdout


logger = logging.getLogger('Meow')
logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)
formatter = logging.Formatter(
    fmt='[{name}] {asctime} {levelname}: {message}',
    datefmt='%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S',
    style='{'
)
ch = logging.StreamHandler()
ch.setLevel(logging.INFO)
ch.setFormatter(formatter)
logger.addHandler(ch)

logger.write = lambda msg: logger.info(msg) if msg != '\n' else None

with redirect_stdout(logger):
    print('Test')

回答5:

With flush added to Vinay Sajip's answer:

class LoggerWriter:
    def __init__(self, logger, level): 
        self.logger = logger
        self.level = level 

    def write(self, message):
        if message != '\n':
            self.logger.log(self.level, message)

    def flush(self): 
        pass

回答6:

As an evolution to Cameron Gagnon's response, I've improved the LoggerWriterclass to:

class LoggerWriter(object):
    def __init__(self, writer):
        self._writer = writer
        self._msg = ''

    def write(self, message):
        self._msg = self._msg + message
        while '\n' in self._msg:
            pos = self._msg.find('\n')
            self._writer(self._msg[:pos])
            self._msg = self._msg[pos+1:]

    def flush(self):
        if self._msg != '':
            self._writer(self._msg)
            self._msg = ''

now uncontrolled exceptions look nicer:

2018-07-31 13:20:37,482 - ERROR - Traceback (most recent call last):
2018-07-31 13:20:37,483 - ERROR -   File "mf32.py", line 317, in <module>
2018-07-31 13:20:37,485 - ERROR -     main()
2018-07-31 13:20:37,486 - ERROR -   File "mf32.py", line 289, in main
2018-07-31 13:20:37,488 - ERROR -     int('')
2018-07-31 13:20:37,489 - ERROR - ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: ''