Roughly approximate the width of a string of text

问题:

How would one, using Python, approximate the font width of a given string of text?

I am looking for a function with a prototype similar to:

def getApproximateFontWidth(the_string, font_name="Arial", font_size=12):
   return ... picas or pixels or something similar ...

I'm not looking for anything very rigorous, an approximation will be fine.

The motivation for this is that I am generating a truncated string in my webapp's backend and sending it to the front-end to be displayed. Most of the time the strings are lower case, but sometimes the strings are in all caps, making them very wide. If the string isn't properly trucated it looks ugly. I'd like to know how much to truncate the strings based on their approximate width. If it's off by 10% it's not a big deal, this is a cosmetic feature.

回答1:

Below is my simple solution, which gets you on the order of 80% accuracy, perfect for my purposes. It only works for Arial and it assumes 12 pt font, but it's probably proportional to other fonts as well.

def getApproximateArialStringWidth(st):
    size = 0 # in milinches
    for s in st:
        if s in 'lij|\' ': size += 37
        elif s in '![]fI.,:;/\\t': size += 50
        elif s in '`-(){}r"': size += 60
        elif s in '*^zcsJkvxy': size += 85
        elif s in 'aebdhnopqug#$L+<>=?_~FZT' + string.digits: size += 95
        elif s in 'BSPEAKVXY&UwNRCHD': size += 112
        elif s in 'QGOMm%W@': size += 135
        else: size += 50
    return size * 6 / 1000.0 # Convert to picas

And if you want to truncate a string, here it is:

def truncateToApproximateArialWidth(st, width):
    size = 0 # 1000 = 1 inch
    width = width * 1000 / 6 # Convert from picas to miliinches
    for i, s in enumerate(st):
        if s in 'lij|\' ': size += 37
        elif s in '![]fI.,:;/\\t': size += 50
        elif s in '`-(){}r"': size += 60
        elif s in '*^zcsJkvxy': size += 85
        elif s in 'aebdhnopqug#$L+<>=?_~FZT' + string.digits: size += 95
        elif s in 'BSPEAKVXY&UwNRCHD': size += 112
        elif s in 'QGOMm%W@': size += 135
        else: size += 50
        if size >= width:
            return st[:i+1]
    return st

Then the following:

>> width = 15
>> print truncateToApproxArialWidth("the quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog", width) 
the quick brown fox jumps over the
>> print truncateToApproxArialWidth("THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPS OVER THE LAZY DOG", width) 
THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPS

When rendered, those strings are roughly the same width:

the quick brown fox jumps over the

THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPS

回答2:

You could render an image with the text using PIL and then determine the resulting image width.

http://effbot.org/imagingbook/imagefont.htm

回答3:

I have used a library that does this however it requires pygame: http://inside.catlin.edu/site/compsci/ics/python/graphics.py Look under sizeString