UIScrollView with scaled UIImageView using autolay

问题:

Consider a UIScrollView with a single subview. The subview is an UIImageView with the following size constraints:

• Its height must be equal to the height of the UIScrollView.
• Its width must be the width of the image scaled proportionally to the height of the UIImageView.

It is expected that the width of the UIImageView will be bigger than the width of the UIScrollView, hence the need for scrolling.

The image might be set during viewDidLoad (if cached) or asynchronously.

How do you implement the above using autolayout, making as much use as possible of Interface builder?

What I've done so far

Based on this answer I configured my nib like this:

• The UIScrollView is pinned to the edges of its superview.
• The UIImageView is pinned to the edges of the UIScrollView.
• The UIImageView has a placeholder intrinsic size (to avoid the Scrollable Content Size Ambiguity error)

As expected, the result is that the UIImageView is sized to the size of the UIImage, and the UIScrollView scrolls horizontally and vertically (as the image is bigger than the UIScrollView).

Then I tried various things which didn't work:

• After loading the image manually set the frame of UIImageView.
• Add a constraint for the width of the UIImageView and modify its value after the image has been loaded. This makes the image even bigger (?!).
• Set zoomScale after the image is loaded. Has no visible effect.

Without autolayout

The following code does exactly as I want, albeit without autolayout or interface builder.

- (void)viewDidLoad
{
    {
        UIScrollView *scrollView = [[UIScrollView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, self.view.frame.size.width, self.view.frame.size.height)];
        scrollView.autoresizingMask = UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleWidth | UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleHeight;
        [self.view addSubview:scrollView];
        self.scrollView = scrollView;
    }

    {
        UIImageView *imageView = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, self.scrollView.frame.size.width, self.scrollView.frame.size.height)];
        imageView.contentMode = UIViewContentModeScaleAspectFit;
        imageView.autoresizingMask = UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleWidth | UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleHeight;
        [self.scrollView addSubview:imageView];
        self.scrollView.contentSize = imageView.frame.size;
        self.imageView = imageView;
    }
}

- (void)viewDidLayoutSubviews
{
    [super viewDidLayoutSubviews];
    [self layoutStripImageView];
}

- (void)layoutStripImageView
{ // Also called when the image finishes loading
    UIImage *image = self.imageView.image;
    if (! image) return;

    const CGSize imageSize = image.size;
    const CGFloat vh = self.scrollView.frame.size.height;
    const CGFloat scale = vh / imageSize.height;
    const CGFloat vw = imageSize.width * scale;

    CGSize imageViewSize = CGSizeMake(vw, vh);
    self.imageView.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, imageViewSize.width, imageViewSize.height);
    self.scrollView.contentSize = imageViewSize;
}

I'm trying really hard to move to autolayout but it's not being easy.

回答1:

Under the autolayout regime, ideally the UIScrollView contentSize is solely determined by the constraints and not set explicitly in code.

So in your case:

• Create constraints to pin the subview to the UIScrollView. The constraints have to ensure the margin between the subview and the scroll view are 0. I see that you have already tried this.

• Create a height and a width constraint for your subview. Otherwise, the intrinsic size of the UIImageView determines its height and width. At design time, this size is only a placeholder to keep Interface Builder happy. At run time, it will be set to the actual image size, but this is not what you want.

• During viewDidLayoutSubviews, update the constraints to be actual content size. You can either do this directly by changing the constant property of the height and width constraint, or calling setNeedsUpdateConstraints and overriding updateConstraints to do the same.

This ensures that the system can derive contentSize solely from constraints.

I've done the above and it works reliably on iOS 6 and 7 with a UIScrollView and a custom subview, so it should work for UIImageView too. In particular if you don't pin the subview to the scroll view, zooming will be jittery in iOS 6.

You may also try creating height and width constraints that directly reference a multiple of the height and width of the scroll view, but I haven't tried this other approach.

回答2:

translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints is only required when you instantiate the view in the code. If you instantiate it in the IB it's disabled by default

In my opinion the UIImageView should fill the ScrollView. Later I'd try setting the zoom of the scrollview to the value that suits you well so the image can only be panned in one direction

回答3:

In my case it was a full width UIImageView the had a defined height constraint that causing the problem.

I set another constraint on the UIImageView for the width that matched the width of the UIScrollView as it is in interface builder then added an outlet to the UIViewController:

@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet NSLayoutConstraint *imageViewWidthConstraint;

then on viewDidLayoutSubviews I updated the constraint:

- (void) viewDidLayoutSubviews {
    [super viewDidLayoutSubviews];

    self.imageViewWidthConstraint.constant = CGRectGetWidth(self.scrollView.frame);
}

This seemed to do the trick.