Simpler way to create a C++ memorystream from (cha

问题:

I couldn't find anything ready-made, so I came up with:

class membuf : public basic_streambuf<char>
{
public:
  membuf(char* p, size_t n) {
    setg(p, p, p + n);
    setp(p, p + n);
  }
}

Usage:

char *mybuffer;
size_t length;
// ... allocate "mybuffer", put data into it, set "length"

membuf mb(mybuffer, length);
istream reader(&mb);
// use "reader"

I know of stringstream, but it doesn't seem to be able to work with binary data of given length.

Am I inventing my own wheel here?

EDIT

• It must not copy the input data, just create something that will iterate over the data.
• It must be portable - at least it should work both under gcc and MSVC.

回答1:

I'm assuming that your input data is binary (not text), and that you want to extract chunks of binary data from it. All without making a copy of your input data.

You can combine boost::iostreams::basic_array_source and boost::iostreams::stream_buffer (from Boost.Iostreams) with boost::archive::binary_iarchive (from Boost.Serialization) to be able to use convenient extraction >> operators to read chunks of binary data.

#include <stdint.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <boost/iostreams/device/array.hpp>
#include <boost/iostreams/stream.hpp>
#include <boost/archive/binary_iarchive.hpp>

int main()
{
    uint16_t data[] = {1234, 5678};
    char* dataPtr = (char*)&data;

    typedef boost::iostreams::basic_array_source<char> Device;
    boost::iostreams::stream_buffer<Device> buffer(dataPtr, sizeof(data));
    boost::archive::binary_iarchive archive(buffer, boost::archive::no_header);

    uint16_t word1, word2;
    archive >> word1 >> word2;
    std::cout << word1 << "," << word2 << std::endl;
    return 0;
}

With GCC 4.4.1 on AMD64, it outputs:

1234,5678

Boost.Serialization is very powerful and knows how to serialize all basic types, strings, and even STL containers. You can easily make your types serializable. See the documentation. Hidden somewhere in the Boost.Serialization sources is an example of a portable binary archive that knows how to perform the proper swapping for your machine's endianness. This might be useful to you as well.

If you don't need the fanciness of Boost.Serialization and are happy to read the binary data in an fread()-type fashion, you can use basic_array_source in a simpler way:

#include <stdint.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <boost/iostreams/device/array.hpp>
#include <boost/iostreams/stream.hpp>

int main()
{
    uint16_t data[] = {1234, 5678};
    char* dataPtr = (char*)&data;

    typedef boost::iostreams::basic_array_source<char> Device;
    boost::iostreams::stream<Device> stream(dataPtr, sizeof(data));

    uint16_t word1, word2;
    stream.read((char*)&word1, sizeof(word1));
    stream.read((char*)&word2, sizeof(word2));
    std::cout << word1 << "," << word2 << std::endl;

    return 0;
}

I get the same output with this program.

回答2:

I'm not sure what you need, but does this do what you want?

char *mybuffer;
size_t length;
// allocate, fill, set length, as before

std::string data(mybuffer, length);
std::istringstream mb(data);
//use mb

回答3:

The standard stream buffer has this functionality.
Create a stream. Gets its buffer then over-ride it.

#include <sstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iterator>

int main()
{
    // Your imaginary buffer
    char    buffer[]    = "A large buffer we don't want to copy but use in a stream";

    // An ordinary stream.
    std::stringstream   str;

    // Get the streams buffer object. Reset the actual buffer being used.
    str.rdbuf()->pubsetbuf(buffer,sizeof(buffer));

    std::copy(std::istreambuf_iterator<char>(str),
              std::istreambuf_iterator<char>(),
              std::ostream_iterator<char>(std::cout)
             );
}

回答4:

The questioner wanted something that doesn't copy the data, and his solution works fine. My contribution is to clean it up a little, so you can just create a single object that's an input stream for data in memory. I have tested this and it works.

class MemoryInputStream: public std::istream
    {
    public:
    MemoryInputStream(const uint8_t* aData,size_t aLength):
        std::istream(&m_buffer),
        m_buffer(aData,aLength)
        {
        rdbuf(&m_buffer); // reset the buffer after it has been properly constructed
        }

    private:
    class MemoryBuffer: public std::basic_streambuf<char>
        {
        public:
        MemoryBuffer(const uint8_t* aData,size_t aLength)
            {
            setg((char*)aData,(char*)aData,(char*)aData + aLength);
            }
        };

    MemoryBuffer m_buffer;
    };