Lexicon dictionary for synonym words

问题:

There are few dictionaries available for natural language processing. Like positive, negative words dictionaries etc.

Is there any dictionary available which contains list of synonym for all dictionary words?

Like for nice

synonyms: enjoyable, pleasant, pleasurable, agreeable, delightful, satisfying, gratifying, acceptable, to one's liking, entertaining, amusing, diverting, marvellous, good; 

回答1:

Although WordNet is a good resource to start for finding synonym, one must note its limitations, here's an example with python API in NLTK library:

Firstly, words have multiple meanings (i.e. senses):

>>> from nltk.corpus import wordnet as wn
>>> wn.synsets('nice')
[Synset('nice.n.01'), Synset('nice.a.01'), Synset('decent.s.01'), Synset('nice.s.03'), Synset('dainty.s.04'), Synset('courteous.s.01')]

And to access the correct sense of a word, you will need to know the correct sense of a word given a context.

>>> wn.synset('nice.a.01').definition()
u'pleasant or pleasing or agreeable in nature or appearance'

You can try Word Sense Disambiguation software but they are not perfect (see Anyone know of some good Word Sense Disambiguation software?). Even if you know the sense of the word, the entries of wordnet are limited. You cannot expect much:

>>> wn.synset('nice.a.01').lemma_names()
[u'nice']
>>> wn.synset('nice.a.01').similar_tos()
[Synset('good.s.06'), Synset('pleasant.s.02')]
>>> [i.lemma_names() for i in wn.synset('nice.a.01').similar_tos()]
[[u'good'], [u'pleasant']]

回答2:

"WordNet® is a large lexical database of English. Nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs are grouped into sets of cognitive synonyms (synsets), each expressing a distinct concept.": http://wordnet.princeton.edu/