Use of closing database connection in php

问题:

I was always in assumption that it is always a good practice to close database connection, regardless of database/ORM, like mysql_close(), Propel::close() etc.

With reference to one of my other question and some other research on Internet, I came to know a surprising face that most people recommends it doesn't really matter if you close connection as connection always gets closed after the request.

However I'm finding those answers little difficult to digest. Reason is, why all DB lib, ORM provide close method? If it is there, in every ORM/lib, there must be some good use of it.

Can someone please shed some light on under what circumstances, we should use close method to close DB connection? & if these methods are not useful at all, why they are present there in all db libs/ORM?

EDIT

My Conclusion

It was a good discussion between Bondye and Fluffeh and it cleared my doubts about use of connection closing. Thanks to both of them.

• If your script is expected to last of less than 100 ms, dont bother closing connection.
• BUT: if script is expected to last longer and there is some time between last DB operation and close of script, free connection for others by calling *close().

It is really very difficult for me to accept one answer as both answer are correct on its place. Just accepting answer with all comments so that it remain on top. But +1 to both correct answers.

回答1:

Using mysql_close() isn't usually necessary, as non-persistent open links are automatically closed at the end of the script's execution.

Freeing resources

Thanks to the reference-counting system introduced with PHP 4's Zend Engine, a resource with no more references to it is detected automatically, and it is freed by the garbage collector. For this reason, it is rarely necessary to free the memory manually.

Hope this helps you more.

(source)

edit:

The purpose of mysql_close() is also to save computer resources, but another key reason for using it is because there is a limited number of connections that a MySQL server can accept, and if you have several clients holding connections open for no reason then the server may well need to turn away other, waiting clients. Naturally this is a bad thing, so, as with mysql_free_result(), it is good to call mysql_close() if you think there will be some time between your last database use and your script ending.

回答2:

It is always good practice to close a database connection when you no longer need it. Even if it gets closed automatically after the script ends - that might be another second or a number of split seconds later. If you no longer need it, one user hitting a page and wasting the database connection for half a second won't make a difference - but twenty doing it at once is suddenly 10 seconds of open connection - and that does make a difference.

At the same time, re-using a connection can be a good practise - making and opening the connection normally takes at least a few milliseconds - and if you are for example inserting a few hundred thousand rows, that few milliseconds each time adds up really fast.

In a way, it is no different to setting a variable to NULL or unsetting it. You don't have to do it, but clean elegant code and resource management is always a good thing.

回答3:

Database connections are not unlimited. Commercial database software, especially, often have licenses that limit the number of simultaneous connections to a relatively small number. In such a situation, you definitely want to close the connection when your script is no longer actively using. While PHP does automatically close database connection when a script terminates, it doesn't do so until the visitor has finished downloading the page. If his connection is slow (dial-up or mobile), that could take ten, twenty seconds for all you know.

回答4:

Well developed ORM's like Doctrine and Propel are good at closing MySQL connections. But if you are using straight php, I've seen a lot of database problems tracked back to unclosed connections. It's wise to close all db connections at the end of each script.