How to resolve a circular dependency while still u

问题:

I have two classes, Foo<T> and Bar, which depend on each other, as well as various other classes. I am using Dagger-2 for dependency injection, but if I naively add the circular dependency, Dagger hits a stack overflow at runtime. What's a good way to refactor the classes to fix this, while still using Dagger to inject all the other dependencies, and with minimal duplication and changes to existing calls?

回答1:

The easy way out is to use Lazy<T> on one side.

Lazy<Foo> foo;

@Inject
Bar(Lazy<Foo> foo) {
    this.foo = foo;
}

// use foo.get(); when needed

回答2:

After an excessive amount of thought and talks with coworkers, we ended up doing the following:

class Foo<T> extends FooWithoutDep<T> {
    @Inject Foo(Bar bar, OtherDep1 dep1, OtherDep2 dep2) {
        super(dep1, dep2);
        setBarDep(bar);
    }
}

class FooWithoutDep<T> {
    //Field declarations elided
    @Inject FooWithoutDep(OtherDep1 dep1, OtherDep2 dep2) {
        //Normal constructor stuff
    }
    void setBarDep(Bar bar) { this.bar = bar; }

    //The rest of the actual logic
}

class Bar {
    //Field declarations elided
    @Inject Bar(FooWithoutDep<Thing> foo, OtherDep3 dep3) {
        this.foo = foo;
        this.foo.setBarDep(this);
        this.dep3 = dep3;
    }

    //Code that uses Foo and the other dependencies
}

Explaining this -- we moved the actual logic of Foo into a parent class (FooWithoutDep), that took the circular dependency as a settable field rather than a constructor parameter. Then the original class just contained a constructor that took the circular dependency and called the setter. The other class, Bar, depended on the parent (FooWithoutDep), and called the setter explicitly, passing itself (this). This enables all the existing references to the class to remain the same, while still using Dagger to inject all the dependencies.

This seemed confusing enough to be worth writing up here.

回答3:

This is how I resolved it, without parent classes.

Class 1: Engine. (in component interface) @Provides public Engine myEngine(Context context) { return new Engine (context); }

Class 2: Parts. Engine also needs Parts instance but the creation is delayed.

@Inject
public Parts(Context context, Engine engine) {
    this.context = context;
    this.engine= engine;
    engine.setParts(this);
}

Circular dependency can be achieved but one class must be initiated first before the other.

Again, if possible, refactor code to avoid circular DI.