问题:

I have a string representing a domain name. How can I get the corresponding IP address using Python 3.x? Something like this:

>>> get_ip('http://www.stackoverflow.com')
'64.34.119.12'

回答1:

>>> import socket

>>> def get_ips_for_host(host):
        try:
            ips = socket.gethostbyname_ex(host)
        except socket.gaierror:
            ips=[]
        return ips

>>> ips = get_ips_for_host('www.google.com')
>>> print(repr(ips))
('www.l.google.com', [], ['74.125.77.104', '74.125.77.147', '74.125.77.99'])

回答2:

Python 3.1.3 (r313:86834, Nov 27 2010, 18:30:53) [MSC v.1500 32 bit (Intel)] on win32
>>> import socket
>>> socket.gethostbyname('cool-rr.com')
'174.120.139.162'

Note that:

gethostbyname() doesn't work with IPv6.
gethostbyname() uses the C call gethostbanme(), which is deprecated.

If these are problematic, use socket.getaddrinfo() instead.

回答3:

The easiest way is to use socket.gethostbyname(). This does not support IPv6, though, and is based on the deprecated C call gethostbanme(). If you care about these problems, you can use the more versatile socket.getaddrinfo() instead.