in Espresso, how to choose one the view who have s

问题:

Having gridView which has some images. The gridView's cell comes out from same predefined layout, which has same id and desc.

R.id.item_image == 2131493330

onView(withId(is(R.id.item_image))).perform(click());

Since all cells in the grid have same id, it got AmbiguousViewMatcherException. How to just pick up first one or any of one of them? Thanks!

android.support.test.espresso.AmbiguousViewMatcherException: 'with id: is <2131493330>' matches multiple views in the hierarchy. Problem views are marked with '****MATCHES****' below.

+------------->ImageView{id=2131493330, res-name=item_image, desc=Image, visibility=VISIBLE, width=262, height=262, has-focus=false, has-focusable=false, has-window-focus=true, is-clickable=false, is-enabled=true, is-focused=false, is-focusable=false, is-layout-requested=false, is-selected=false, root-is-layout-requested=false, has-input-connection=false, x=0.0, y=0.0} ****MATCHES****

+------------->ImageView{id=2131493330, res-name=item_image, desc=Image, visibility=VISIBLE, width=262, height=262, has-focus=false, has-focusable=false, has-window-focus=true, is-clickable=false, is-enabled=true, is-focused=false, is-focusable=false, is-layout-requested=false, is-selected=false, root-is-layout-requested=false, has-input-connection=false, x=0.0, y=0.0} ****MATCHES**** |

回答1:

You should use onData() to operate on GridView:

onData(withId(R.id.item_image))
        .inAdapterView(withId(R.id.grid_adapter_id))
        .atPosition(0)
        .perform(click());

This code will click on the image inside first item in GridView

回答2:

I was amazed that I couldn't find a solution by simply providing an index along with a matcher (i.e. withText, withId). The accepted answer only solves the problem when you're dealing with onData and ListViews.

If you have more than one view on the screen with the same resId/text/contentDesc, you can choose which one you want without causing an AmbiguousViewMatcherException by using this custom matcher:

public static Matcher<View> withIndex(final Matcher<View> matcher, final int index) {
    return new TypeSafeMatcher<View>() {
        int currentIndex = 0;

        @Override
        public void describeTo(Description description) {
            description.appendText("with index: ");
            description.appendValue(index);
            matcher.describeTo(description);
        }

        @Override
        public boolean matchesSafely(View view) {
            return matcher.matches(view) && currentIndex++ == index;
        }
    };
}

For example:

onView(withIndex(withId(R.id.my_view), 2)).perform(click());

will perform a click action on the third instance of R.id.my_view.

回答3:

Not completely related to grid view situation but you can use hamcrest allOf matchers to combine multiple conditions:

import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.allOf;

onView(allOf(withId(R.id.login_password), 
             withEffectiveVisibility(ViewMatchers.Visibility.VISIBLE)))
        .check(matches(isCompletelyDisplayed()))
        .check(matches(withHint(R.string.password_placeholder)));

回答4:

I created a ViewMatcher which matches the first view it finds. Maybe it is helpful for somebody. E.g. when you don't have an AdapterView to use onData() on.

/**
 * Created by stost on 15.05.14.
 * Matches any view. But only on first match()-call.
 */
public class FirstViewMatcher extends BaseMatcher<View> {


   public static boolean matchedBefore = false;

   public FirstViewMatcher() {
       matchedBefore = false;
   }

   @Override
   public boolean matches(Object o) {
       if (matchedBefore) {
           return false;
       } else {
           matchedBefore = true;
           return true;
       }
   }

   @Override
   public void describeTo(Description description) {
       description.appendText(" is the first view that comes along ");
   }

   @Factory
   public static <T> Matcher<View> firstView() {
       return new FirstViewMatcher();
   }
}

Use it like this:

 onView(FirstViewMatcher.firstView()).perform(click());

回答5:

Tried @FrostRocket answer as was looking most promissing but needed to add some customisations:

public static Matcher<View> withIndex(final Matcher<View> matcher, final int index) {
    return new TypeSafeMatcher<View>() {
        int currentIndex;
        int viewObjHash;

        @SuppressLint("DefaultLocale") @Override
        public void describeTo(Description description) {
            description.appendText(String.format("with index: %d ", index));
            matcher.describeTo(description);
        }

        @Override
        public boolean matchesSafely(View view) {
            if (matcher.matches(view) && currentIndex++ == index) {
                viewObjHash = view.hashCode();
            }
            return view.hashCode() == viewObjHash;
        }
    };
}

回答6:

Cases:

onView( withId( R.id.songListView ) ).perform( RealmRecyclerViewActions.scrollTo( Matchers.first(Matchers.withTextLabeled( "Love Song"))) );
onView( Matchers.first(withText( "Love Song")) ).perform( click() );

inside my Matchers.class

public static Matcher<View> first(Matcher<View> expected ){

    return new TypeSafeMatcher<View>() {
        private boolean first = false;

        @Override
        protected boolean matchesSafely(View item) {

            if( expected.matches(item) && !first ){
                return first = true;
            }

            return false;
        }

        @Override
        public void describeTo(Description description) {
            description.appendText("Matcher.first( " + expected.toString() + " )" );
        }
    };
}

回答7:

Also not specifically related to grid view but in case it may be useful to someone else I had a similar problem where both an element on my RecyclerView and on my root layout had the same id and were both displayed to the screen. What helped me to solve was to check descendancy such as:

 onView(allOf(withId(R.id.my_view), not(isDescendantOfA(withId(R.id.recyclerView))))).check(matches(withText("My Text")));

回答8:

You can simply make NthMatcher like:

   class NthMatcher internal constructor(private val id: Int, private val n: Int) : TypeSafeMatcher<View>(View::class.java) {
        companion object {
            var matchCount: Int = 0
        }
        init {
            var matchCount = 0
        }
        private var resources: Resources? = null
        override fun describeTo(description: Description) {
            var idDescription = Integer.toString(id)
            if (resources != null) {
                try {
                    idDescription = resources!!.getResourceName(id)
                } catch (e: Resources.NotFoundException) {
                    // No big deal, will just use the int value.
                    idDescription = String.format("%s (resource name not found)", id)
                }

            }
            description.appendText("with id: $idDescription")
        }

        public override fun matchesSafely(view: View): Boolean {
            resources = view.resources
            if (id == view.id) {
                matchCount++
                if(matchCount == n) {
                    return true
                }
            }
            return false
        }
    }

Declare like this:

fun withNthId(resId: Int, n: Int) = CustomMatchers.NthMatcher(resId, n)

And use like this:

onView(withNthId(R.id.textview, 1)).perform(click())

回答9:

At latest * Run -> Record Espresso Test

By Click on the Same ID View with different position generate different Code for them so try it.

Its Actually Resolve these problem.