How do you specify bin directory for pip install w

问题:

To give an example, if I run the command

sudo pip install gunicorn

There's now a file

/usr/local/bin/gunicorn

and a folder

/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/gunicorn

And I can run "gunicorn" from the shell.

However, if I run the command

sudo pip install gunicorn --target=~/tmp_directory

There's a folder at

 ~/tmp_directory/gunicorn

However, there is no "bin/gunicorn" anywhere and I cannot run "gunicorn" from the shell. Looking through the pip documentation I can't find anything for this particular case. The exact reason for my doing this is to try and setup a custom buildpack on Heroku.

回答1:

You can sudo ln -s ~/tmp_directory/gunicorn /usr/bin/gunicorn.

If I understand your needs correctly, you're suggested to try virtualenv, a tool to create isolated Python environments. You can install different versions of Python packages for each of your project on the same server. Highly recommended for Python development. I'm using virtualenvwrapper, a wrapper to make it a bit easier to use

回答2:

I just found it's actually possible to tell 'pip' where to put scripts, data etc.

You can use --install-option to pass options to setuptools. So if you want to specify where to put scripts, you can:

pip install gunicorn --install-option="--install-scripts=$PWD/bin" -t python_modules/

Now you have gunicorn command inside bin/ in current directory and package installed in target dir python_modules.

bin/gunicorn

回答3:

An issue regarding this problem has been created on GitHub: https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/3934

This is because the --install-option="--install-scripts=$PWD/bin" flag, that is necessary, cannot be used with .whl files:

.../lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/commands/install.py:194: 
UserWarning: Disabling all use of wheels due to the use of --build-options / --global-options / --install-options.
cmdoptions.check_install_build_global(options)