Closure/scope JavaScript/jQuery

问题:

I'm trying to group some exisiting top-level functions inside a closure (to avoid polluting the global namespace) but I'm not quite getting it to work.

First, all the JS works outside my anonymous function, but once I put it in the anonymous function I get an error of "crossfade is not defined". Does anyone see anything completely obvious that I am missing?

I'm not quite getting why the the setInterval/crossfade works outside the anonymous function but not inside. Anything inside start() should be able to see vars/functions outside start() and it should all be protected in the closure created by the top-level anonymous function? I'm not trying to access anything within crossfade(), I'm just trying to execute it.

(function($) {

    //vars up here that internal functions can access
    //also using some jquery inside here, so using $

    function crossfade() {
        //body here
    }

    //other functions

    function start() {
        //body here

         cInterval = setInterval('crossfade()', 5000);
    } 

})(jQuery);

回答1:

The setInterval method will be run in the scope of the window, so the crossfade function doesn't exist there. You have to make an anonymous function so that a closure is created that contains a reference to the function:

cInterval = window.setInterval(function() { crossfade(); }, 5000);

回答2:

Using setInterval('crossfade()', 5000); doesn't create a closure - it creates a string to be eval()d. You should use a function instead:

setInterval(function() { crossfade(); }, 5000);

回答3:

When setInterval is passed a string, the string is evaluated in global scope. That explains why crossfade is not visible when setInterval fires.

setInterval can also be passed a function reference:

setInterval(crossfade, 5000);

in which case your code will work as expected, since crossfade is visible at the point where you call setInterval.

回答4:

To avoid polluting the global scope, you can do a few things:

• Extend jQuery, since you're already using jQuery. (Use jQuery as a namespace.)
• Create a single object to hold your methods. (Create your own namespace.)