Bash shell read error: 0: Resource temporarily una

问题:

When writing a bash script. Sometimes you are running a command which opens up another program such as npm, composer.. etc. But at the same time you need to use read in order to prompt the user.

Inevitable you hit this kind of error:

read: read error: 0: Resource temporarily unavailable

After doing some research there seems to be a solution by piping the STDIN of those programs which manipulate the STDIN of your bash script to /dev/null.

Something like:

npm install </dev/null

Other research has shown it has something to do with the fact that the STDIN is being set to some sort of blocking/noblocking status and it isn't being reset after the program finishes.

The question is there some sort of fool proof, elegant way of reading user prompted input without being affected by those programs that manipulate the STDIN and not having to hunt which programs need to have their STDIN redirected to /dev/null. You may even need to use the STDIN of those programs!

回答1:

Usually it is important to know what input the invoked program expects and from where, so it is not a problem to redirect stdin from /dev/null for those that shouldn't be getting any.

Still, it is possible to do it for the shell itself and all invoked programs. Simply move stdin to another file descriptor and open /dev/null in its place. Like this:

exec 3<&0 0</dev/null

The above duplicates stdin file descriptor (0) under file descriptor 3 and then opens /dev/null to replace it.

After this any invoked command attempting to read stdin will be reading from /dev/null. Programs that should read original stdin should have redirection from file descriptor 3. Like this:

read -r var 0<&3

The < redirection operator assumes destination file descriptor 0, if it is omitted, so the above two commands could be written as such:

exec 3<&0 </dev/null
read -r var <&3

回答2:

I had a similar issue, but the command I was running did need a real STDIN, /dev/null wasn't good enough. Instead, I was able to do:

TTY=$(/usr/bin/tty)
cmd-using-stdin < $TTY
read -r var

or combined with spbnick's answer:

TTY=$(/usr/bin/tty)
exec 3<&0 < $TTY
cmd-using-stdin
read -r var 0<&3`

which leaves a clean STDIN in 3 for you to read and 0 becomes a fresh stream from the terminal for the command.

回答3:

When this happens, run bash from within your bash shell, then exit it (thus returning to the original bash shell). I found a mention of this trick in https://github.com/fish-shell/fish-shell/issues/176 and it worked for me, seems like bash restores the STDIN state. Example:

bash> do something that exhibits the STDIN problem
bash> bash
bash> exit
bash> repeat something: STDIN problem fixed

回答4:

The answers here which suggest using redirection are good. Fortunately, Bash's read should soon no longer need such fixes. The author of Readline, Chet Ramey, has already written a patch: http://gnu-bash.2382.n7.nabble.com/read-may-fail-due-to-nonblocking-stdin-td18519.html

However, this problem is more general than just the read command in Bash. Many programs presume stdin is blocking (e.g., mimeopen) and some programs leave stdin non-blocking after they exit (e.g., cec-client). Bash has no builtin way to turn off non-blocking input, so, in those situations, you can use Python from the command line:

$ python3 -c $'import os\nos.set_blocking(0, True)'

You can also have Python print the previous state so that it may be changed only temporarily:

$ o=$(python3 -c $'import os\nprint(os.get_blocking(0))\nos.set_blocking(0, True)')
$ somecommandthatreadsstdin
$ python3 -c $'import os\nos.set_blocking(0, '$o')'