How do I tell CMake to use Clang on Windows?

问题:

I have a C++ project that builds using CMake. I usually build on OSX but now I am trying to get a Windows version working too. I would like to use Clang on Windows for compatibility reasons.

I installed the pre-compiled Clang 3.8 binary from LLVM:

C:\Program Files\LLVM\bin\clang.exe
C:\Program Files\LLVM\bin\clang++.exe

It is also installed on my PATH:

>clang++
clang++.exe: error: no input files

I have two questions:

1. How do I tell CMake to use clang++ when I call cmake --build?
2. How can I check before building which compiler CMake is configured with?

回答1:

You also need - in addition to the Clang compilers itself - an build/link environment for Windows.

The latest CMake 3.6 builds do have several integrated supported Clang build environments on Windows (e.g. Visual Studio, Cygwin; see Release Notes).

I've just run a successful test with

• LLVM-3.9.0-r273898-win32.exe from http://llvm.org/builds/
• cmake-3.6.0-rc4-win64-x64.msi from https://cmake.org/download/
• Microsoft VS2015 Community Edition Version 14.0.23107.0

All installed to their standard paths with their bin directories in the global PATH environment.

The part you need to know is setting the right toolset with the CMake -T"LLVM-vs2014" command line option. During the configuration process CMake will let you know which compiler it has found/taken.

CMakeLists.txt

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.6)

project(HelloWorld)

file(
    WRITE main.cpp 
        "#include <iostream>\n"
        "int main() { std::cout << \"Hello World!\" << std::endl; return 0; }"
)
add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} main.cpp)

Windows Console

...> mkdir VS2015
...> cd VS2015
...\VS2015> cmake -G"Visual Studio 14 2015" -T"LLVM-vs2014" ..
-- The C compiler identification is Clang 3.9.0
-- The CXX compiler identification is Clang 3.9.0
-- Check for working C compiler: C:/Program Files (x86)/LLVM/msbuild-bin/cl.exe
-- Check for working C compiler: C:/Program Files (x86)/LLVM/msbuild-bin/cl.exe -- works
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done
-- Check for working CXX compiler: C:/Program Files (x86)/LLVM/msbuild-bin/cl.exe
-- Check for working CXX compiler: C:/Program Files (x86)/LLVM/msbuild-bin/cl.exe -- works
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done
-- Detecting CXX compile features
-- Detecting CXX compile features - done
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: .../VS2015
...\VS2015> cmake --build . 
Microsoft (R)-Buildmodul, Version 14.0.23107.0
[...]
...\VS2015> Debug\HelloWorld.exe
Hello World!

Installation Hints

Please note that I have added LLVM to my search paths during setup:

And you can crosscheck the available "Platform Toolsets" in any VS project's property page:

References

• What is the -D define to tell Cmake where to find nmake?
• Linker for Clang?
• Switching between GCC and Clang/LLVM using CMake