How to replicate tee behavior in Python when using

问题:

I'm looking for a Python solution that will allow me to save the output of a command in a file without hiding it from the console.

FYI: I'm asking about tee (as the Unix command line utility) and not the function with the same name from Python intertools module.

Details

• Python solution (not calling tee, it is not available under Windows)
• I do not need to provide any input to stdin for called process
• I have no control over the called program. All I know is that it will output something to stdout and stderr and return with an exit code.
• To work when calling external programs (subprocess)
• To work for both stderr and stdout
• Being able to differentiate between stdout and stderr because I may want to display only one of the to the console or I could try to output stderr using a different color - this means that stderr = subprocess.STDOUT will not work.
• Live output (progressive) - the process can run for a long time, and I'm not able to wait for it to finish.
• Python 3 compatible code (important)

References

Here are some incomplete solutions I found so far:

• http://devlishgenius.blogspot.com/2008/10/logging-in-real-time-in-python.html (mkfifo works only on Unix)
• http://blog.kagesenshi.org/2008/02/teeing-python-subprocesspopen-output.html (doesn't work at all)

Diagram http://blog.i18n.ro/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/Drawing_tee_py.png

Current code (second try)

#!/usr/bin/python
from __future__ import print_function

import sys, os, time, subprocess, io, threading
cmd = "python -E test_output.py"

from threading import Thread
class StreamThread ( Thread ):
    def __init__(self, buffer):
        Thread.__init__(self)
        self.buffer = buffer
    def run ( self ):
        while 1:
            line = self.buffer.readline()
            print(line,end="")
            sys.stdout.flush()
            if line == '':
                break

proc = subprocess.Popen(cmd, shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
stdoutThread = StreamThread(io.TextIOWrapper(proc.stdout))
stderrThread = StreamThread(io.TextIOWrapper(proc.stderr))
stdoutThread.start()
stderrThread.start()
proc.communicate()
stdoutThread.join()
stderrThread.join()

print("--done--")

#### test_output.py ####

#!/usr/bin/python
from __future__ import print_function
import sys, os, time

for i in range(0, 10):
    if i%2:
        print("stderr %s" % i, file=sys.stderr)
    else:
        print("stdout %s" % i, file=sys.stdout)
    time.sleep(0.1)

Real output

stderr 1
stdout 0
stderr 3
stdout 2
stderr 5
stdout 4
stderr 7
stdout 6
stderr 9
stdout 8
--done--

Expected output was to have the lines ordered. Remark, modifying the Popen to use only one PIPE is not allowed because in the real life I will want to do different things with stderr and stdout.

Also even in the second case I was not able to obtain real-time like out, in fact all the results were received when the process finished. By default, Popen should use no buffers (bufsize=0).

回答1:

I see that this is a rather old post but just in case someone is still searching for a way to do this:

proc = subprocess.Popen(["ping", "localhost"], 
                        stdout=subprocess.PIPE, 
                        stderr=subprocess.PIPE)

with open("logfile.txt", "w") as log_file:
  while proc.poll() is None:
     line = proc.stderr.readline()
     if line:
        print "err: " + line.strip()
        log_file.write(line)
     line = proc.stdout.readline()
     if line:
        print "out: " + line.strip()
        log_file.write(line)

回答2:

Finally I had to implement tee() command in Python myself.

You can get it from here http://github.com/pycontribs/tendo/blob/master/tendo/tee.py

Currently it does allow you to do things like:

 tee("python --v") # works just like os.system()

 tee("python --v", "log.txt") # file names

 tee("python --v", file_handle)

 import logging
 tee("python --v", logging.info) # receive a method

The only current limitation is that it is not able to differentiate between stderr and stdout, meaning that it will merge both of them.

回答3:

This is a straightforward port of tee to Python.

import sys
sinks = sys.argv[1:]
sinks = [open(sink, "w") for sink in sinks]
sinks.append(sys.stderr)
while True:
  input = sys.stdin.read(1024)
  if input:
    for sink in sinks:
      sink.write(input)
  else:
    break

I'm running on Linux right now but this ought to work on most platforms.

---

Now for the subprocess part, I don't know how you want to 'wire' the subprocess's stdin, stdout and stderr to your stdin, stdout, stderr and file sinks, but I know you can do this:

import subprocess
callee = subprocess.Popen( ["python", "-i"],
                           stdin = subprocess.PIPE,
                           stdout = subprocess.PIPE,
                           stderr = subprocess.PIPE
                         )

Now you can access callee.stdin, callee.stdout and callee.stderr like normal files, enabling the above "solution" to work. If you want to get the callee.returncode, you'll need to make an extra call to callee.poll().

Be careful with writing to callee.stdin: if the process has exited when you do that, an error may be rised (on Linux, I get IOError: [Errno 32] Broken pipe).

回答4:

If you don't want to interact with the process you can use the subprocess module just fine.

Example:

tester.py

import os
import sys

for file in os.listdir('.'):
    print file

sys.stderr.write("Oh noes, a shrubbery!")
sys.stderr.flush()
sys.stderr.close()

testing.py

import subprocess

p = subprocess.Popen(['python', 'tester.py'], stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
                     stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)

stdout, stderr = p.communicate()
print stdout, stderr

In your situation you can simply write stdout/stderr to a file first. You can send arguments to your process with communicate as well, though I wasn't able to figure out how to continually interact with the subprocess.

回答5:

There are subtle problems/bugs in python related to subprocess.PIPE: http://bugs.python.org/issue1652

Apparently this was fixed in python3+, but not in python 2.7 and older. For that you need to use: code.google.com/p/python-subprocess32/

回答6:

Try this :

import sys

class tee-function :

    def __init__(self, _var1, _var2) :

        self.var1 = _var1
        self.var2 = _var2

    def __del__(self) :

        if self.var1 != sys.stdout and self.var1 != sys.stderr :
            self.var1.close()
        if self.var2 != sys.stdout and self.var2 != sys.stderr :
            self.var2.close()

    def write(self, text) :

        self.var1.write(text)
        self.var2.write(text)

    def flush(self) :

        self.var1.flush()
        self.var2.flush()

stderrsav = sys.stderr

out = open(log, "w")

sys.stderr = tee-function(stderrsav, out)

回答7:

I wrote a thing that wraps shell commands in Python.

Key advantages:

1. This util captures stdout/stderr always
2. This util provides an option to echo stdout/stderr to stdout/stderr for the process
3. When echoing stdout/stderr the out/err there is no delay

Key disadvantage:

• Only works on bash/unix

source: https://gist.github.com/AndrewHoos/9f03c74988469b517a7a