how to run python script without typing 'pytho

问题:

I want to run a python script without explicitly having to call "python" every time in my shell. I've tried to add the shebang #!/path/to/python but this does not seem to work. Does anyone know a work around this? Many thanks.

回答1:

You've got to add the shebang:

#!/usr/bin/env python

Then make the script executable:

chmod +x foo

Then you can run it like any other executable:

./foo

And a note from Homer6: if you're editing the file from windows and invoking it on linux, you may run into the cryptic "No such file or directory" error. It's due to the line endings of the lines being CRLF instead of LF. If you convert them to LF, the script will execute as expected. Notepad++ > View > Show Symbols > Show End of Line to show the EOL characters. And Notepad++ > Edit > EOL Conversion > Unix Format to convert all line endings to use LF. Alternatively, you can use the dos2unix tool (dos2unix foo.py), which is present on most Linux systems.

回答2:

1. Add a line at the top of your script:

   #! /usr/bin/env python
   

2. Rename your script from script_name.py to script_name
3. make the script executable: chmod +x script_name

The line at the top selects the same python that you get when typing python at the prompt. You can also specify a direct path:

#!/opt/python/3.6/bin/python

回答3:

It didn't really apply to your personal scripts but as you are quoting beets, note that it is also possible to automate this action when you are distributing your packages, thanks to setuptools entry_point option.
So if you are distributing a package like myModule and want to make the main_function() function accessible via typing mymodulescript in the console you would probably add something like this to your setup.py file :

setup(
    # your other arguments ..
    entry_points={
        'console_scripts': [
            'mymodulescript = myModule:main_function'
        ]
    }
)

回答4:

Another workaround could be to use an alias defined in the .bashrc :

e.g. add the following line in your .bachrc file :

alias mypythonalias = "python mypyrhonfile.py"

type in terminal :

source ~/.bashrc

and then you may simply type:

mypythonalias

to execute the python file.

回答5:

Ensure you are able to run /path/to/python on your terminal. And make sure you have given execute permission for your python file. You can give permission for the file by

chmod +x mypythonfile.py