Calculate the execution time of a method

问题:

Possible Duplicate:
How do I measure how long a function is running?

I have an I/O time-taking method which copies data from a location to another. What\'s the best and most real way of calculating the execution time? Thread? Timer? Stopwatch? Any other solution? I want the most exact one, and briefest as much as possible.

回答1:

Stopwatch is designed for this purpose and is one of the best ways to measure time execution in .NET.

var watch = System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch.StartNew();
// the code that you want to measure comes here
watch.Stop();
var elapsedMs = watch.ElapsedMilliseconds;

Do not use DateTime to measure time execution in .NET.

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UPDATE:

As pointed out by @series0ne in the comments section: If you want a real precise measurement of the execution of some code, you will have to use the performance counters that\'s built into the operating system. The following answer contains a nice overview.

回答2:

From personal experience, the System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch class can be used to measure the execution time of a method, however, BEWARE: It is not entirely accurate!

Consider the following example:

Stopwatch sw;

for(int index = 0; index < 10; index++)
{
    sw = Stopwatch.StartNew();
    DoSomething();
    Console.WriteLine(sw.ElapsedMilliseconds);
}

sw.Stop();

Example results

132ms
4ms
3ms
3ms
2ms
3ms
34ms
2ms
1ms
1ms

Now you\'re wondering; \"well why did it take 132ms the first time, and significantly less the rest of the time?\"

The answer is that Stopwatch does not compensate for \"background noise\" activity in .NET, such as JITing. Therefore the first time you run your method, .NET JIT\'s it first. The time it takes to do this is added to the time of the execution. Equally, other factors will also cause the execution time to vary.

What you should really be looking for absolute accuracy is Performance Profiling!

Take a look at the following:

RedGate ANTS Performance Profiler is a commercial product, but produces very accurate results. - Boost the performance of your applications with .NET profiling

Here is a StackOverflow article on profiling: - What Are Some Good .NET Profilers?

I have also written an article on Performance Profiling using Stopwatch that you may want to look at - Performance profiling in .NET

回答3:

StopWatch class looks for your best solution.

Stopwatch sw = Stopwatch.StartNew();
DoSomeWork();
sw.Stop();

Console.WriteLine(\"Time taken: {0}ms\", sw.Elapsed.TotalMilliseconds);

Also it has a static field called Stopwatch.IsHighResolution. Of course, this is a hardware and operating system issue.

Indicates whether the timer is based on a high-resolution performance counter.

回答4:

If you are interested in understand performance, the best answer is to use a profiler.

Otherwise, System.Diagnostics.StopWatch provides a high resolution timer.

回答5:

StopWatch will use the high-resolution counter

The Stopwatch measures elapsed time by counting timer ticks in the underlying timer mechanism. If the installed hardware and operating system support a high-resolution performance counter, then the Stopwatch class uses that counter to measure elapsed time. Otherwise, the Stopwatch class uses the system timer to measure elapsed time. Use the Frequency and IsHighResolution fields to determine the precision and resolution of the Stopwatch timing implementation.

If you\'re measuring IO then your figures will likely be impacted by external events, and I would worry so much re. exactness (as you\'ve indicated above). Instead I\'d take a range of measurements and consider the mean and distribution of those figures.