How to tell lapply to ignore an error and process

问题:

I have an example function below that reads in a date as a string and returns it as a date object. If it reads a string that it cannot convert to a date, it returns an error.

testFunction <- function (date_in) {
    return(as.Date(date_in))
    }

testFunction("2010-04-06")  # this works fine
testFunction("foo")  # this returns an error

Now, I want to use lapply and apply this function over a list of dates:

dates1 = c("2010-04-06", "2010-04-07", "2010-04-08")
lapply(dates1, testFunction)  # this works fine

But if I want to apply the function over a list when one string in the middle of two good dates returns an error, what is the best way to deal with this?

dates2 = c("2010-04-06", "foo", "2010-04-08")
lapply(dates2, testFunction)

I presume that I want a try catch in there, but is there a way to catch the error for the "foo" string whilst asking lapply to continue and read the third date?

回答1:

Use a tryCatch expression around the function that can throw the error message:

testFunction <- function (date_in) {
  return(tryCatch(as.Date(date_in), error=function(e) NULL))
}

The nice thing about the tryCatch function is that you can decide what to do in the case of an error (in this case, return NULL).

> lapply(dates2, testFunction)
[[1]]
[1] "2010-04-06"

[[2]]
NULL

[[3]]
[1] "2010-04-08"

回答2:

One could try to keep it simple rather than to make it complicated:

• Use the vectorised date parsing

R> as.Date( c("2010-04-06", "foo", "2010-04-08") )
[1] "2010-04-06" NA           "2010-04-08"

You can trivially wrap na.omit() or whatever around it. Or find the index of NAs and extract accordingly from the initial vector, or use the complement of the NAs to find the parsed dates, or, or, or. It is all here already.

• You can make your testFunction() do something. Use the test there -- if the returned (parsed) date is NA, do something.

• Add a tryCatch() block or a try() to your date parsing.

The whole things is a little odd as you go from a one-type data structure (vector of chars) to something else, but you can't easily mix types unless you keep them in a list type. So maybe you need to rethink this.

回答3:

Assuming the testFunction() is not trivial and/or that one cannot alter it, it can be wrapped in a function of your own, with a tryCatch() block. For example:

> FaultTolerantTestFunction <- function(date_in) {
+    tryCatch({ret <- testFunction(date_in);}, error = function(e) {ret <<- NA});
+    ret
+ }
> FaultTolerantTestFunction('bozo')
[1] NA
> FaultTolerantTestFunction('2010-03-21')
[1] "2010-03-21"