Handling identity columns in an “Insert Into TABLE

问题:

In SQL Server 2000 or above is there anyway to handle an auto generated primary key (identity) column when using a statement like the following?

Insert Into TableName Values(?, ?, ?)

My goal is to NOT use the column names at all.

回答1:

By default, if you have an identity column, you do not need to specify it in the VALUES section. If your table is:

ID    NAME    ADDRESS

Then you can do:

INSERT INTO MyTbl VALUES ('Joe', '123 State Street, Boston, MA')

This will auto-generate the ID for you, and you don't have to think about it at all. If you SET IDENTITY_INSERT MyTbl ON, you can assign a value to the ID column.

回答2:

Another "trick" for generating the column list is simply to drag the "Columns" node from Object Explorer onto a query window.

回答3:

The best practice is to explicitly list the columns:

Insert Into TableName(col1, col2,col2) Values(?, ?, ?)

Otherwise, your original insert will break if you add another column to your table.

回答4:

You have 2 choices:

1) Either specify the column name list (without the identity column).

2) SET IDENTITY_INSERT tablename ON, followed by insert statements that provide explicit values for the identity column, followed by SET IDENTITY_INSERT tablename OFF.

If you are avoiding a column name list, perhaps this 'trick' might help?:

-- Get a comma separated list of a table's column names
SELECT STUFF(
(SELECT 
',' + COLUMN_NAME AS [text()]
FROM 
INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
WHERE 
TABLE_NAME = 'TableName'
Order By Ordinal_position
FOR XML PATH('')
), 1,1, '')

回答5:

Since it isn't practical to put code in a comment, in response to your comment in Eric's answer that it's not working for you...

I just ran the following on a SQL 2005 box (sorry, no 2000 handy) with default settings and it worked without error:

CREATE TABLE dbo.Test_Identity_Insert
(
    id  INT IDENTITY NOT NULL,
    my_string   VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
    CONSTRAINT PK_Test_Identity_Insert PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (id)
)
GO

INSERT INTO dbo.Test_Identity_Insert VALUES ('test')
GO

SELECT * FROM dbo.Test_Identity_Insert
GO

Are you perhaps sending the ID value over in your values list? I don't think that you can make it ignore the column if you actually pass a value for it. For example, if your table has 6 columns and you want to ignore the IDENTITY column you can only pass 5 values.

回答6:

set identity_insert customer on
insert into Customer(id,Name,city,Salary) values(8,'bcd','Amritsar',1234)

where 'customer' is table name