What is the opposite of GROUP_CONCAT in MySQL?

问题:

I seem to come against this problem a lot, where I have data that\'s formatted like this:

+----+----------------------+
| id | colors               |
+----+----------------------+
| 1  | Red,Green,Blue       |
| 2  | Orangered,Periwinkle |
+----+----------------------+

but I want it formatted like this:

+----+------------+
| id | colors     |
+----+------------+
| 1  | Red        |
| 1  | Green      |
| 1  | Blue       |
| 2  | Orangered  |
| 2  | Periwinkle |
+----+------------+

Is there a good way to do this? What is this kind of operation even called?

回答1:

I think it is what you need (stored procedure) : Mysql split column string into rows

DELIMITER $$

DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS explode_table $$
CREATE PROCEDURE explode_table(bound VARCHAR(255))

BEGIN

DECLARE id INT DEFAULT 0;
DECLARE value TEXT;
DECLARE occurance INT DEFAULT 0;
DECLARE i INT DEFAULT 0;
DECLARE splitted_value INT;
DECLARE done INT DEFAULT 0;
DECLARE cur1 CURSOR FOR SELECT table1.id, table1.value
                                     FROM table1
                                     WHERE table1.value != \'\';
DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND SET done = 1;

DROP TEMPORARY TABLE IF EXISTS table2;
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE table2(
`id` INT NOT NULL,
`value` VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL
) ENGINE=Memory;

OPEN cur1;
  read_loop: LOOP
    FETCH cur1 INTO id, value;
    IF done THEN
      LEAVE read_loop;
    END IF;

    SET occurance = (SELECT LENGTH(value)
                             - LENGTH(REPLACE(value, bound, \'\'))
                             +1);
    SET i=1;
    WHILE i <= occurance DO
      SET splitted_value =
      (SELECT REPLACE(SUBSTRING(SUBSTRING_INDEX(value, bound, i),
      LENGTH(SUBSTRING_INDEX(value, bound, i - 1)) + 1), \',\', \'\'));

      INSERT INTO table2 VALUES (id, splitted_value);
      SET i = i + 1;

    END WHILE;
  END LOOP;

  SELECT * FROM table2;
 CLOSE cur1;
 END; $$

回答2:

You could use a query like this:

SELECT
  id,
  SUBSTRING_INDEX(SUBSTRING_INDEX(colors, \',\', n.digit+1), \',\', -1) color
FROM
  colors
  INNER JOIN
  (SELECT 0 digit UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 2 UNION ALL SELECT 3) n
  ON LENGTH(REPLACE(colors, \',\' , \'\')) <= LENGTH(colors)-n.digit
ORDER BY
  id,
  n.digit

Please see fiddle here. Please notice that this query will support up to 4 colors for every row, you should update your subquery to return more than 4 numbers (or you should use a table that contains 10 or 100 numbers).

回答3:

This saved me many hours! Taking it a step further: On a typical implementation there would in all likelyhood be a table that enumerates the colours against an identitying key, color_list. A new colour can be added to the implementation without having to modify the query and the potentially endless union -clause can be avoided altogether by changing the query to this:

SELECT id,
  SUBSTRING_INDEX(SUBSTRING_INDEX(colors, \',\', n.digit+1), \',\', -1) color
FROM
  colors
  INNER JOIN
  (select id as digit from color_list) n
  ON LENGTH(REPLACE(colors, \',\' , \'\')) <= LENGTH(colors)-n.digit
ORDER BY id, n.digit;

It is important that the Ids in table color_list remain sequential, however.

回答4:

notice this can be done without creating a temporary table

select id, substring_index(substring_index(genre, \',\', n), \',\', -1) as genre
from my_table
join 
(SELECT @row := @row + 1 as n FROM 
(select 0 union all select 1 union all select 3 union all select 4 union all select 5 union all select 6 union all select 6 union all select 7 union all select 8 union all select 9) t,
(SELECT @row:=0) r) as numbers
  on char_length(genre) 
    - char_length(replace(genre, \',\', \'\'))  >= n - 1

回答5:

if delimiter is part of data but embedded by double quotes then how can we split it.

Example first,\"second,s\",third

it should come as first second,s third