Git branch command behaves like 'less'

问题:

When I use the git branch command to list all branches, I see the output of git branch | less.

The command git branch is supposed to show a list of branches, like ls does for files.

This is the output I get:

How I get the default behaviour of git branch? What causes the paged output?

I am using ZSH with oh_my_zsh (nothing for Git in there), and my .gitconfig looks like this:

[user]
  email = [e-mail]
  name = Dennis Haegler
[push]
  default = simple
[merge]
   tool = vimdiff
[core]
  editor = nvim
  excludesfile = /Users/dennish/.gitignore_global
[color]
  ui = true
[alias]
  br = branch
  ci = commit -v
  cam = commit -am
  co = checkout
  df = diff
  st = status
  sa = stash
  mt = mergetool
  cp = cherry-pick
  pl = pull --rebase
[difftool "sourcetree"]
  cmd = opendiff \"$LOCAL\" \"$REMOTE\"
[mergetool "sourcetree"]
  cmd = /Applications/SourceTree.app/Contents/Resources/opendiff-w.sh 
  \"$LOCAL\" \"$REMOTE\" -ancestor \"$BASE\" -merge \"$MERGED\"
  trustExitCode = true

回答1:

As mentioned above, this was a default behavior change introduced in Git 2.16.

You can turn paged output for git branch back off by default with the pager.branch config setting:

git config --global pager.branch false

回答2:

As other answers pointed out, git defaults to piping itself into a pager (less by default) for most commands.

An important point, though, is that When the LESS environment variable is unset, Git sets it to FRX, and the consequence is that the user-visible behavior is the same as if the pager was not used when the command's output is short (i.e. if you have only few branches). See man less:

-F or --quit-if-one-screen
Causes less to automatically exit if the entire file can be displayed on the first screen.

-R or --RAW-CONTROL-CHARS
[...]ANSI "color" escape sequences are output in "raw" form.

-X or --no-init
Disables sending the termcap initialization and deinitialization strings to the terminal. This is sometimes desirable if the deinitialization string does something unnecessary, like clearing the screen.

If you get the behavior you describe, you most likely have $LESS set to something else, and unsetting it would get rid of the issue while keeping the "pager" behavior for long output. Alternatively, you can activate the behavior for while keeping $LESS as-is by adding this to your .gitconfig file:

[core]
    pager = less -FRX

If you really dislike the pager thing, you can deactivate it globally or on a per-command basis (see other answers).

回答3:

Not to argue semantics, but the behavior you're getting is the default. That's why you get it when you don't ask for something different. By default, branch (and numerous other git commands) use a pager when sending output to the terminal.

You can override this default by using the --no-pager option

git --no-pager branch

Or if you redirect the output to a file, git should detect that it isn't writing to a terminal and so should not use a pager anyway. (On the other hand, that suggests a scripting use case, in which case you should consider using a plumbing command like git for-each-ref in preference to git branch.)

回答4:

For those that want to update their ~/.gitconfig to fix this, it would look like this:

[pager]
   branch = false

回答5:

https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Internals-Environment-Variables

GIT_PAGER controls the program used to display multi-page output on the command line. If this is unset, PAGER will be used as a fallback.

To solve your issue, you could unset PAGER and GIT_PAGER in your shell.