Get form data in Reactjs

问题:

I have a simple form in my render function, like so:

render : function() {
      return (
        <form>
          <input type="text" name="email" placeholder="Email" />
          <input type="password" name="password" placeholder="Password" />
          <button type="button" onClick={this.handleLogin}>Login</button>
        </form>
      );
    },
handleLogin: function() {
   //How to access email and password here ?
}

What should I write in my handleLogin: function() { ... } to access Email and Password fields ?

回答1:

Use the change events on the inputs to update the component's state and access it in handleLogin:

handleEmailChange: function(e) {
   this.setState({email: e.target.value});
},
handlePasswordChange: function(e) {
   this.setState({password: e.target.value});
},
render : function() {
      return (
        <form>
          <input type="text" name="email" placeholder="Email" value={this.state.email} onChange={this.handleEmailChange} />
          <input type="password" name="password" placeholder="Password" value={this.state.password} onChange={this.handlePasswordChange}/>
          <button type="button" onClick={this.handleLogin}>Login</button>
        </form>);
},
handleLogin: function() {
    console.log("EMail: " + this.state.email);
    console.log("Password: " + this.state.password);
}

Working fiddle: http://jsfiddle.net/kTu3a/

Also, read the docs, there is a whole section dedicated to form handling: http://facebook.github.io/react/docs/forms.html

Previously you could also use React's two-way databinding helper mixin to achieve the same thing, but now it's deprecated in favor of setting the value and change handler (as above):

var ExampleForm = React.createClass({
  mixins: [React.addons.LinkedStateMixin],
  getInitialState: function() {
    return {email: '', password: ''};
  },
  handleLogin: function() {
    console.log("EMail: " + this.state.email);
    console.log("Password: " + this.state.password);
  },
  render: function() {
    return (
      <form>
        <input type="text" valueLink={this.linkState('email')} />
        <input type="password" valueLink={this.linkState('password')} />
        <button type="button" onClick={this.handleLogin}>Login</button>
      </form>
    );
  }
});

Documentation is here: http://facebook.github.io/react/docs/two-way-binding-helpers.html

回答2:

There are a few ways to do this:

1) Get values from array of form elements by index

handleSubmit = (event) => {
  event.preventDefault();
  console.log(event.target[0].value)
}

2) Using name attribute in html

handleSubmit = (event) => {
  event.preventDefault();
  console.log(event.target.elements.username.value) // from elements property
  console.log(event.target.username.value)          // or directly
}

<input type="text" name="username"/>

3) Using refs

handleSubmit = (event) => {
  console.log(this.inputNode.value)
}

<input type="text" name="username" ref={node => (this.inputNode = node)}/>

Full example

class NameForm extends React.Component {
  handleSubmit = (event) => {
    event.preventDefault()
    console.log(event.target[0].value)
    console.log(event.target.elements.username.value)
    console.log(event.target.username.value)
    console.log(this.inputNode.value)
  }
  render() {
    return (
      <form onSubmit={this.handleSubmit}>
        <label>
          Name:
          <input
            type="text"
            name="username"
            ref={node => (this.inputNode = node)}
          />
        </label>
        <button type="submit">Submit</button>
      </form>
    )
  }
}

回答3:

An alternative approach is to use the ref attribute and reference the values with this.refs. Here is a simple example:

render: function() {
    return (<form onSubmit={this.submitForm}>
        <input ref="theInput" />
    </form>);
},
submitForm: function(e) {
    e.preventDefault();
    alert(React.findDOMNode(this.refs.theInput).value);
}

More info can be found in the React docs: https://facebook.github.io/react/docs/more-about-refs.html#the-ref-string-attribute

For a lot of the reasons described in How do I use radio buttons in React? this approach isn't always the best, but it does present a useful alternative in some simple cases.

回答4:

An easy way to deal with refs:

class UserInfo extends React.Component {

  constructor(props) {
    super(props);
    this.handleSubmit = this.handleSubmit.bind(this);
  }

  handleSubmit(e) {
    e.preventDefault();
    
    const formData = {};
    for (const field in this.refs) {
      formData[field] = this.refs[field].value;
    }
    console.log('-->', formData);
  }

  render() {
    return (
        <div>
          <form onSubmit={this.handleSubmit}>
            <input ref="phone" className="phone" type='tel' name="phone"/>
            <input ref="email" className="email" type='tel' name="email"/>
            <input type="submit" value="Submit"/>
          </form>
        </div>
    );
  }
}

export default UserInfo;

回答5:

I would suggest the following approach:

import {Autobind} from 'es-decorators';

export class Form extends Component {

    @Autobind
    handleChange(e) {
        this.setState({[e.target.name]: e.target.value});
    }

    @Autobind
    add(e) {
        e.preventDefault();
        this.collection.add(this.state);
        this.refs.form.reset();
    }

    shouldComponentUpdate() {
        return false;
    }

    render() {
        return (
            <form onSubmit={this.add} ref="form">
                <input type="text" name="desination" onChange={this.handleChange}/>
                <input type="date" name="startDate" onChange={this.handleChange}/>
                <input type="date" name="endDate" onChange={this.handleChange}/>
                <textarea name="description" onChange={this.handleChange}/>
                <button type="submit">Add</button>
            </form>
        )
    }

}

回答6:

You could switch the onClick event handler on the button to an onSubmit handler on the form:

render : function() {
      return (
        <form onSubmit={this.handleLogin}>
          <input type="text" name="email" placeholder="Email" />
          <input type="password" name="password" placeholder="Password" />
          <button type="submit">Login</button>
        </form>
      );
    },

Then you can make use of FormData to parse the form (and construct a JSON object from its entries if you want).

handleLogin: function(e) {
   const formData = new FormData(e.target)
   const user = {}

   e.preventDefault()

   for (let entry of formData.entries()) {
       user[entry[0]] = entry[1]
   }

   // Do what you will with the user object here
}

回答7:

Give your inputs ref like this

<input type="text" name="email" placeholder="Email" ref="email" />
<input type="password" name="password" placeholder="Password" ref="password" />

then you can access it in your handleLogin like soo

handleLogin: function(e) {
   e.preventDefault();
    console.log(this.refs.email.value)
    console.log(this.refs.password.value)
}

回答8:

If all your inputs / textarea have a name, then you can filter all from event.target:

onSubmit(event){
  const fields = Array.prototype.slice.call(event.target)
      .filter(el => el.name)
      .reduce((form, el) => ({
        ...form,
        [el.name]: el.value,
      }), {})
}

Totally uncontrolled form