C++ string to enum

问题:

Is there a simple way in C++ to convert a string to an enum (similar to Enum.Parse in C#)? A switch statement would be very long, so I was wondering if there is a simpler way to do this?

EDIT:

Thanks for all of your replies. I realized that there was a much simpler way to do it for my particular case. The strings always contained the charater 'S' followed by some number so i just did

int i = atoi(myStr.c_str() + 1);

and then did a switch on i.

回答1:

A std::map<std::string, MyEnum> (or unordered_map) could do it easily. Populating the map would be just as tedious as the switch statement though.

回答2:

Use std::map<std::string, Enum> and use boost::map_list_of to easily initialize it.

Example,

enum X
{
   A,
   B,
   C
};

std::map<std::string, X> xmap = boost::map_list_of("A", A)("B", B)("C",C);

回答3:

saw this example somewhere

#include <map>
#include <string>

enum responseHeaders
{
    CONTENT_ENCODING,
    CONTENT_LENGTH,
    TRANSFER_ENCODING,
};

// String switch paridgam   
struct responseHeaderMap : public std::map<std::string, responseHeaders>
{
    responseHeaderMap()
    {
        this->operator[]("content-encoding") =  CONTENT_ENCODING;
        this->operator[]("content-length") = CONTENT_LENGTH;
        this->operator[]("transfer-encoding") = TRANSFER_ENCODING;
    };
    ~responseHeaderMap(){}
};

回答4:

I use this "tricks" > http://codeproject.com/Articles/42035/Enum-to-String-and-Vice-Versa-in-C

After

enum FORM {
    F_NONE = 0,
    F_BOX,
    F_CUBE,
    F_SPHERE,
};

insert

Begin_Enum_String( FORM )
{
    Enum_String( F_NONE );
    Enum_String( F_BOX );
    Enum_String( F_CUBE );
    Enum_String( F_SPHERE );
}
End_Enum_String;

Work fine, if values in enum are not dublicate.

Example in code

enum FORM f = ...
const std::string& str = EnumString< FORM >::From( f );

vice versa

assert( EnumString< FORM >::To( f, str ) );

回答5:

There is no "built-in way", but there are ways to achieve this by storing the pair value-name in an array

enum myEnum
{
    enumItem0,
    enumItem1,
    enumItem7 = 7,
    enumItem8
};

std::vector<std::pair<myEnum,std::string>>   gMap;

#define ADDITEM(x)  gMap.push_back(std::pair<myEnum,std::string>(x,#x));

.....

ADDITEM(enumItem0);
ADDITEM(enumItem1);
ADDITEM(enumItem7);
ADDITEM(enumItem8);

回答6:

In short: there is none. In C++ enums are static values and not objects like in C#. I suggest you use a function with some if else statements.

回答7:

You can use macro to minimize repeating yourself. Here is the trick: Enums, Macros, Unicode and Token-Pasting

回答8:

It is not possible because the names are not available at runtime. During compilation each enum is replaced with the corresponding integer value.

回答9:

While there is no direct solution, there are a few possible workarounds.

Take a look at this question: Easy way to use variables of enum types as string in C?

回答10:

this worked for me:

enum NODES { Cone = 1, BaseColor = 2, NONE = 0 };

std::map<std::string, NODES> nodeMap;
nodeMap["Cone"] = NODES::Cone;
nodeMap["BaseColor"] = NODES::BaseColor;

回答11:

No, you'll have to use an if/then construction, or use a map or hash table or some other type of associative data structure to facilitate this.

回答12:

"Additional question: Is it possibile to handle undefined strings ? I mean if I try to get the value for responseHeaderMap["cookie"], what will be the value? (provided that "cookie" is not defined in the responseHeaderMap – bart s Nov 22 '16 at 12:04"

well, you can just make check before:

auto it = responseHeaderMap.find("cookie");
if (it != responseHeaderMap.end())
{
     // "cookie" exist, can take value 
}

After "cookie" exist check, you can get it value with use:

responseHeaderMap["cookie"]

hope this help