Global variables in Javascript across multiple fil

2019-01-01 07:13发布

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问题:

A bunch of my JavaScript code is in an external file called helpers.js. Inside the HTML that calls this JavaScript code I find myself in need of knowing if a certain function from helpers.js has been called.

I have attempted to create a global variable by defining:

var myFunctionTag = true;

In global scope both in my HTML code and in helpers.js.

Heres what my html code looks like:

<html>
...
<script type=\'text/javascript\' src=\'js/helpers.js\'></script>    
...
<script>
  var myFunctionTag = false;
  ...
  //I try to use myFunctionTag here but it is always false, even though it has been se t to \'true\' in helpers.js
</script>

Is what I am trying to do even feasible?

回答1:

You need to declare the variable before you include the helpers.js file. Simply create a script tag above the include for helpers.js and define it there.

<script type=\'text/javascript\' > 
  var myFunctionTag = false; 
</script>
<script type=\'text/javascript\' src=\'js/helpers.js\'></script>     
... 
<script type=\'text/javascript\' > 
  // rest of your code, which may depend on helpers.js
</script>


回答2:

The variable can be declared in the .js file and simply referenced in the HTML file. My version of helpers.js:

var myFunctionWasCalled = false;

function doFoo()
{
    if (!myFunctionWasCalled) {
        alert(\"doFoo called for the very first time!\");
        myFunctionWasCalled = true;
    }
    else {
        alert(\"doFoo called again\");
    }
}

And a page to test it:

<html>
<head>
<title>Test Page</title>
<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\"/>
<script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"helpers.js\"></script>
</head>

<body>


<p>myFunctionWasCalled is
<script type=\"text/javascript\">document.write(myFunctionWasCalled);</script>
</p>

<script type=\"text/javascript\">doFoo();</script>

<p>Some stuff in between</p>

<script type=\"text/javascript\">doFoo();</script>

<p>myFunctionWasCalled is
<script type=\"text/javascript\">document.write(myFunctionWasCalled);</script>
</p>

</body>
</html>

You\'ll see the test alert() will display two different things, and the value written to the page will be different the second time.



回答3:

OK, guys, here\'s my little test too. I had a similar problem, so I decided to test out 3 situations:

  1. One HTML file, one external JS file... does it work at all - can functions communicate via a global var?
  2. Two HTML files, one external JS file, one browser, two tabs: will they interfere via the global var?
  3. One HTML file, open by 2 browsers, will it work and will they interfere?

All the results were as expected.

  1. It works. Functions f1() and f2() communicate via global var (var is in the external JS file, not in HTML file).
  2. They do not interfere. Apparently distinct copies of JS file have been made for each browser tab, each HTML page.
  3. All works independently, as expected.

Instead of browsing tutorials, I found it easier to try it out, so I did. My conclusion: whenever you include an external JS file in your HTML page, the contents of the external JS gets \"copy/pasted\" into your HTML page before the page is rendered. Or into your PHP page if you will. Please correct me if I\'m wrong here. Thanx.

My example files follow:

EXTERNAL JS:

var global = 0;

function f1()
{
    alert(\'fired: f1\');
    global = 1;
    alert(\'global changed to 1\');
}

function f2()
{
    alert(\'fired f2\');
    alert(\'value of global: \'+global);
}

HTML 1:

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN\" \"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd\">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1\">
<script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"external.js\"></script>
<title>External JS Globals - index.php</title>
</head>
<body>
<button type=\"button\" id=\"button1\" onclick=\"f1();\"> fire f1 </button>
<br />
<button type=\"button\" id=\"button2\" onclick=\"f2();\"> fire f2 </button>
<br />
</body>
</html>

HTML 2

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN\" \"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd\">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1\">
<script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"external.js\"></script>
<title>External JS Globals - index2.php</title>
</head>
<body>
<button type=\"button\" id=\"button1\" onclick=\"f1();\"> fire f1 </button>
<br />
<button type=\"button\" id=\"button2\" onclick=\"f2();\"> fire f2 </button>
<br />
</body>
</html>


回答4:

Hi to pass values from one js file to another js file we can use Local storage concept

<body>
<script src=\"two.js\"></script>
<script src=\"three.js\"></script>
<button onclick=\"myFunction()\">Click me</button>
<p id=\"demo\"></p>
</body>

Two.js file

function myFunction() {
var test =localStorage.name;

 alert(test);
}

Three.js File

localStorage.name = 1;


回答5:

I think you should be using \"local storage\" rather than global variables.

If you are concerned that \"local storage\" may not be supported in very old browsers, consider using an existing plug-in which checks the availability of \"local storage\" and uses other methods if it isn\'t available.

I used http://www.jstorage.info/ and I\'m happy with it so far.



回答6:

You can make a json object like:

globalVariable={example_attribute:\"SomeValue\"};

in fileA.js

And access it from fileB.js like: globalVariable.example_attribute



回答7:

//Javascript file 1

localStorage.setItem(\'Data\',10);

//Javascript file 2

var number=localStorage.getItem(\'Data\');

Don\'t forget to link your JS files in html :)



标签： javascript scope global-variables global
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