How to make a multi-level module hierarchy with (o

问题:

Suppose I have a set of modules each of which being rather "bushy" with submodules.

M1.X        M2.X        M3.X
M1.Y        M2.Y        M3.Y
M1.Z        M2.Z        M3.Z
M1.W        M2.W        M3.W
M1.Q        M2.Q        M3.Q
M1.P        M2.P        M3.P

Moreover, I'd like each of these bushes to sit under one master module.

Home.M1
Home.M2
Home.M3

Now, it's easy to structure the project directory for each of M1, M2, and M3 using Oasis' Pack: option. In particular, what I like and am trying to solve for is (a) the ability to lay out my files in the standard .ml/.mli format and (b) having ocamldoc produce properly linked documentation.

But since I'd like to distribute each of M1, M2, and M3 in the same library under a common module hierarchy I cannot use Pack: and am instead forced to throw the whole damn thing into a single file in order to (a) not accidentally clobber the global namespace, (b) not accidentally proliferate modules all over the Home. namespace which are not intended to be used directly, and (c) not ruin ocamldoc linking.

So my question is, subject to the goals suggested above, how can I use Oasis to create a package with hierarchical modules of this form?

Some additional constraints include:

• It is no accident that the modules under the M1., M2., and M3. namespaces conflict---this occurs in the genuine situation as well!
• The modules in the M2. and M3. namespace depend upon the modules in the M1. namespace.

My preference would be able to arrive at a solution which also allows a sensible file layout, e.g.

src -+
     +-- m1 -+
     |       +-- x.ml
     |       +-- x.mli
     |       +-- y.ml
     |       +-- y.mli
     |       +-- z.ml
     |       +-- z.mli
     |       |
     |       ...
     |
     |
     +-- m2 -+
     |       +-- x.ml
     |       +-- x.mli
     |       +-- y.ml
     |       +-- y.mli
     |       +-- z.ml
     |       +-- z.mli
     |       |
     |       ...
     |
     |
     +-- m3 -+
             +-- x.ml
             +-- x.mli
             +-- y.ml
             +-- y.mli
             +-- z.ml
             +-- z.mli
             |
             ...

It may also be possible that this is impossible with Oasis. In such a case, suggestions as to how to use other build tools are acceptable and welcome. Assume I have very little understanding of the other tools... because it's probably true!

回答1:

With oasis

The pack in oasis is a little bit broken, as it clobbers the namespace by including all paths into the search path. There is a long-living accepted bug request, but things are still where they are. But, if it worked correctly, it can help you, since it will create a library namespaces, allowing you to have modules with the same name in different folder. But, it doesn't work, so we should forget about it.

The approach we have taken in BAP project was to mangle all module names with ugly bap_subproject_ prefix, that protects us from conflicts with our own modules, as well as from conflicts coming from external libraries. For each bap_subproject we have a folder with all implementation modules with mangled names and one umbrella module to rule them all. This module is stored in file bap_subproject.ml where it defines aliases for all modules and types that it is going to export. Usually it contains entries like:

module X = Bap_subproject_x

There is also a big Bap project, that unites all sublibraries under one namespace Bap.Std, and reexports everything it needs, so that after one open Bap.Std you have and access to Insn module that is defined in bap_disasm/bap_disasm_insn.ml[i]

Without oasis

Disclaimer: this solution may still work with oasis if you extend it with plugin.

We've used this approach in one project, that is unfortunately closed source, so I can't provide a link. Each subproject lives in its own subfolder, within it own namespace (we have had parser module in each subfolder, without any clobber). For each subproject there is an mlpack file, in the top folder:

 root +
      |
      +-- expr.mlpack
      +-- expr -+
                |
                +- lexer.*
                +- parser.*
                +- ast.*
                +- ...
      +-- cameo.mlpack
      +-- cameo-+
                |
                +- lexer.*
                +- parser.*
                +- ast.*
                +- ...

The contents of the expr.mlpack is:

   expr/Lexer
   expr/Parser
   expr/Ast
   ...

ocamlbuild sees this expr.mlpack as a standalone module that has Lexer, Parser, etc submodules defined in it (and accessible as, e.g., Expr.Lexer). And there is no conflicts with a sibling project that also has Lexer, as well as no conflicts with ocaml-libs or any other external Lexer, since the expr folder is actually never included into the search path.

If you need to add yet another layer to your system, like a pack for packs, then you have three choices:

1. use the same approach recursively, i.e., create yet another super folder, that has mlpack or mllib files pointing to a child folder.
2. just add big.mlpack that references all toplevel mlpack'ed modules
3. create big.ml that reintroduces all modules.

Last two approaches requires top-level packed modules to have different names of course. But usually this is fair enough.