Build RPM to just install files

问题:

I need to build a RPM, with the sole purpose of installing a few fonts. I have read several tutorials about that, however everyone seems to suggests something different and I haven't been able to find something like a very basic setup to do that.

Is it possible to just reference the files within the %files section of the spec? I tried however, rpm always tries to find the files within the tmp directory. Do I need to add a specific build step that copies everything I need to the tmp directory?

Should these files go into the SOURCE or the BUILD directory when building the rpm? I have been finding a lot of different information on that. Some suggest to build a tarball that contains the files and place that under the SOURCE directory, however that seems kind of wrong, as font files are not actual source files to me.

Ideally, I would like to just put all the font files within the BUILD folder under a directory structure like './usr/share/fonts/' and then reference that within the %file section of the SPEC and let RPM do its magic. Probably I am missing or misunderstanding something here.

Does the %files section always expect to find the source files within the tmp directory, or is there something wrong with my setup? I have created ~/.rpmmacros which contains

%_topdir             /Users/user/rpm

which is the root build directory and contains the BUILD, RPMS, SOURCES, SPECS and tmp directories.

I would be glad if someone could provide which are the least required items in the spec file to get that to work cleanly.

Edit

Following user3159253's suggestions, I am using the following spec file:

Name: test
Version: 1.0.0
Release: 1
Copyright: Copyright info
Group: Applications/System
BuildArch: noarch

%description
Brief description of software package.

%prep

%build

%install
mkdir -p %{buildroot}/usr/share/fonts
cp ./usr/share/fonts/* %buildroot/usr/share/fonts/

%clean

%files
/usr/share/fonts/*

I copied the fonts into the BUILD/usr/share/fonts/ directory. If I query the rpm for a list of files, all fonts are there. However, when I install the rpm, it complains about

/usr/share/fonts is needed by test-1.0.0-1.noarch

However, it doesn't matter if this directory exists or not, so I guess rpm is complaining that this resource is not listed in its database.

I have been able to fix this by changing the %file section to:

/usr/
/usr/share/
/usr/share/fonts/
/usr/share/fonts/*

However, I doubt that this is such a good idea. Is there a better way to fix this?

回答1:

when you list files in %files section these files are expected to reside within %{buildroot} directory. As Fedora documentation says since Fedora 10 buildroot can't be redefined in the spec, so yes, you have to create a required filesystem hierarchy within %buildroot, copy there your font files and then mention them in %files:

...
%install

mkdir -p %{buildroot}/usr/share/fonts
cp /path/to/existing/MyFont.ttf %buildroot/usr/share/fonts/
...

%files
%defattr(0644, root,root)
/usr/share/fonts/*

your distribution probably has handy macros for standard font files locations, their proper registation in the system upon installation of the rpm etc, but most of these macros are vendor-specific. Also, you should copy your font files into SOURCES/ subdirectory and mention them in Source: (Source<N>:) tag in the rpm spec (just an example, a number can be any):

Name: myfonts
Summary: my fonts package
...
Source5: MyFont.ttf
...

Then you may use something like this in the %install section:

cp %{SOURCE5} %buildroot/usr/share/fonts/

instead of a full path to the MyFont.ttf.

Update: You're right about missing dependencies: this is not artifacts (files, directories etc) on the filesystem, this is records in the RPM db (in /var/lib/rpm). So to solve the problem you have to work with that DB.

So if you have unsatisifed dependencies in the generated RPM package you have two options:

1. if you simply wish to have a convenient way to distribute few files w/o tight integration with standard system facilities (see below), then you may simply turn off all rpm automatic dependency calculations. Use AutoReqProv: no to completely disable all that stuff.
2. However you may need to build a package with a better integration with the rest of the OS. For example, fonts may need a registration within appropriate system facilities, e.g. fontconfig. Unfortunately, different Linux rpm distributions have slightly different, eh-hm, customs regarding that. Actually you have to check how this process is organized in your distribution in already existing font packages. You may take a suitable source rpm package (check http://rpmfind.net or http://rpm.pbone.net RPM search engines), extract its .spec-file and study how %prein, %postin, %preun and %postun section of the spec are organized. Obviously, font packages usually carry -fonts- in their name :)

Afterall, you may display dependencies and provides of an uninstalled rpm package with rpm --query --requires --package </path/to/file.rpm> and rpm --query --provides --package </path/to/file.rpm>. Installed packages' deps are shown with rpm --query --requires <rpm_name> and so on.

回答2:

As an answer for your edited question, the following might be the answer you seek:

Name: test
Version: 1.0.0
Release: 1
Copyright: Copyright info
Group: Applications/System
BuildArch: noarch

%description
Brief description of software package.

%prep

%build

%install
mkdir -p %{buildroot}/
cp -r ./* %buildroot/

%clean

%files
/*

Here we consider every file in the BUILD directory to be a part of the package. This is done by placing /* under %files.

Hope this addresses your question correctly.