How can I determine which version of IE a user is

问题:

In some existing code there is a test to see if the user is running IE, by checking if the object Browser.Engine.trident is defined and returns true.

But how can I determine if the user is running IE6 (or earlier) or IE7 (or later)?

The test is needed inside a JavaScript function so a conditional comment doesn't seem suitable.

回答1:

From detecting Internet Explorer More Effectively at msdn:

function getInternetExplorerVersion()
// Returns the version of Internet Explorer or a -1
// (indicating the use of another browser).
{
  var rv = -1; // Return value assumes failure.
  if (navigator.appName == 'Microsoft Internet Explorer')
  {
    var ua = navigator.userAgent;
    var re  = new RegExp("MSIE ([0-9]{1,}[\.0-9]{0,})");
    if (re.exec(ua) != null)
      rv = parseFloat( RegExp.$1 );
  }
  return rv;
}

function checkVersion()
{
  var msg = "You're not using Internet Explorer.";
  var ver = getInternetExplorerVersion();

  if ( ver > -1 )
  {
    if ( ver >= 6.0 ) 
      msg = "You're using a recent copy of Internet Explorer."
    else
      msg = "You should upgrade your copy of Internet Explorer.";
  }
  alert( msg );
}

回答2:

If you really want to be sure you are using IE and a specific version then you could obviously use IE's conditional tags to only run certain code within IE. It's not really that pretty but at least you can be sure that it is really IE and not some spoofed version.

<script>
    var isIE = false;
    var version = -1;
</script>
<!--[if IE 6]>
    <script>
        isIE = true;
        version = 6
    </script>
<![endif]-->
<!--[if IE 7]>
    <script>
        isIE = true;
        version = 7
    </script>
<![endif]-->

It's pretty self explanatory. In IE6 isIE is true and version is 6, In IE7 isIE is true and version is 7 otherwise isIE is false and version is -1

Alternatively you could just roll your own solution using code plagarised from jQuery.

var userAgent = navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase();
var version = (userAgent.match( /.+(?:rv|it|ra|ie)[\/: ]([\d.]+)/ ) || [])[1],
var isIE = /msie/.test( userAgent ) && !/opera/.test( userAgent ),    

回答3:

If you are already using jQuery in a pre-1.9 version AND you don't need to detect IE 11, you can do this:

if (jQuery.browser.msie == true) { 
if (jQuery.browser.version == 7.0)
  // .. do something for 7.0
else 
  // .. do something for < 7.0
}

回答4:

The Navigator object contains all the information about the user's browser:

eg:

var browser=navigator.appName;

var b_version=navigator.appVersion;

var version=parseFloat(b_version);

See:

http://www.w3schools.com/js/js_browser.asp

回答5:

If you are checking for a certain functionality, you should check for it directly, e.g. if (window.focus) {window.focus();} Browser detection is never reliable enough.

For more details on object vs browser detection, check out this article at Quirksmode.

On the other hand, if the feature you need IS the browser type and version, e.g. for statistical purposes, go with navigator.appName and navigator.appVersion. (Beware though - many less popular browsers masquerade themselves as MSIE 6 or 7, as certain sites block anything that's not IE on the premise that "all the modern browsers are IE, right?" (hint: not anymore).)

回答6:

So IE8 compatibility view mode reports itself as IE7 even though it doesn't always behave the same. And for that, I give you this monster:

    // IE8's "Compatibility mode" is anything but.  Oh well, at least it doesn't take 40 lines of code to detect and work around it.
// Oh wait:
/*
 * Author: Rob Reid
 * CreateDate: 20-Mar-09
 * Description: Little helper function to return details about IE 8 and its various compatibility settings either use as it is
 * or incorporate into a browser object. Remember browser sniffing is not the best way to detect user-settings as spoofing is
 * very common so use with caution.
*/
function IEVersion(){
    var _n=navigator,_w=window,_d=document;
    var version="NA";
    var na=_n.userAgent;
    var ieDocMode="NA";
    var ie8BrowserMode="NA";
    // Look for msie and make sure its not opera in disguise
    if(/msie/i.test(na) && (!_w.opera)){
        // also check for spoofers by checking known IE objects
        if(_w.attachEvent && _w.ActiveXObject){        
            // Get version displayed in UA although if its IE 8 running in 7 or compat mode it will appear as 7
            version = (na.match( /.+ie\s([\d.]+)/i ) || [])[1];
            // Its IE 8 pretending to be IE 7 or in compat mode        
            if(parseInt(version)==7){                
                // documentMode is only supported in IE 8 so we know if its here its really IE 8
                if(_d.documentMode){
                    version = 8; //reset? change if you need to
                    // IE in Compat mode will mention Trident in the useragent
                    if(/trident\/\d/i.test(na)){
                        ie8BrowserMode = "Compat Mode";
                    // if it doesn't then its running in IE 7 mode
                    }else{
                        ie8BrowserMode = "IE 7 Mode";
                    }
                }
            }else if(parseInt(version)==8){
                // IE 8 will always have documentMode available
                if(_d.documentMode){ ie8BrowserMode = "IE 8 Mode";}
            }
            // If we are in IE 8 (any mode) or previous versions of IE we check for the documentMode or compatMode for pre 8 versions            
            ieDocMode = (_d.documentMode) ? _d.documentMode : (_d.compatMode && _d.compatMode=="CSS1Compat") ? 7 : 5;//default to quirks mode IE5                               
        }
    }

    return {
        "UserAgent" : na,
        "Version" : version,
        "BrowserMode" : ie8BrowserMode,
        "DocMode": ieDocMode
    }            
}
var ieVersion = IEVersion();
var IsIE8 = ieVersion.Version != "NA" && ieVersion.Version >= 8;

回答7:

This is probably going to get voted down, because it's not directly answering the question, but... You should not be writing browser-specific code. There's very little you can't do while coding for most widely-accepted browsers.

EDIT: The only time I found it useful to have conditional comments was when I needed to include ie6.css or ie7.css.

回答8:

Well... here is what I came up after thinking for a while. just wanted to find a simple solution.

if (navigator.appName == 'Microsoft Internet Explorer') {
        // Take navigator appversion to an array & split it 
        var appVersion = navigator.appVersion.split(';');
        // Get the part that you want from the above array  
        var verNumber = appVersion[1];

        alert(verNumber);
}

It returns ex:- MSIE 10.0, MSIE 9.0, MSIE 8.0

further extend, if you want to check if it's "lower than" or "greater than" IE version, you can slightly modify

if (navigator.appName == 'Microsoft Internet Explorer') {
        var appVersion = navigator.appVersion.split(';');
        var verNumber = appVersion[1];
        // Reaplce "MSIE " from the srting and parse it to integer value        
        var IEversion = parseInt(verNumber.replace('MSIE ', ''));

        if(IEversion <= 9){
            alert(verNumber);
        }
}

got the base idea from w3schools, hope this will help some one... :D

回答9:

This is the script I use and it seems to work well enough:

// Returns 0 if the browser is anything but IE
function getIEVersion() {
   var ua = window.navigator.userAgent;
   var ie = ua.indexOf("MSIE ");
   return ((ie > 0) ? parseInt(ua.substring(ie+5, ua.indexOf(".", ie))) : 0);
}

Hope that helps someone...

回答10:

This should give you more details than you'll want:

var agent = navigator.userAgent;
var msiePattern = /.*MSIE ((\d+).\d+).*/
if( msiePattern.test( agent ) ) {
  var majorVersion = agent.replace(msiePattern,"$2");
  var fullVersion = agent.replace(msiePattern,"$1");
  var majorVersionInt = parseInt( majorVersion );
  var fullVersionFloat = parseFloat( fullVersion );
}

回答11:

As no-one seems to have said it yet:

The test is needed inside a JavaScript function so a conditional comment doesn't seem suitable.

You can easily put a conditional comment — a JScript conditional comment, not an HTML one — inside a function:

function something() {
    var IE_WIN= false;
    var IE_WIN_7PLUS= false;
    /*@cc_on
    @if (@_win32)
        IE_WIN= true;
        @if (@_jscript_version>=5.7)
            IE_WIN_7PLUS = true;
        @end
    @end @*/
    ...
}

It's more typical to do the test once at global level though, and just check the stored flags thereafter.

CCs are more reliable than sifting through the mess that the User-Agent string has become these days. String matching methods on navigator.userAgent can misidentify spoofing browsers such as Opera.

Of course capability sniffing is much better for cross-browser code where it's possible, but for some cases — usually bug fix workarounds — you do need to identify IE specifically, and CCs are probably the best way to do that today.

回答12:

<script>
    alert("It is " + isIE());

    //return ie number as int else return false
    function isIE() {
        var myNav = navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase();
        if (myNav.indexOf('msie') != -1) //ie less than ie11 (6-10)
        {
            return parseInt(myNav.split('msie')[1]);
        }
        else 
        {
            //Is the version more than ie11? Then return false else return ie int number
            return (!!(myNav.match(/trident/) && !myNav.match(/msie/)) == false)?false : parseInt(myNav.split('rv:')[1].substring(0, 2));               
        }
    }
</script>