How do I properly store a javascript template, so

问题:

I'm using Backbone and therefore Underscore to render my templates. My templates get rendered in <script> tags and then I use jQuery to grab their html. My backbone view looks like this:

App.ItemView = Backbone.View.extend({
    className:'well',

    events: {
        'click .continue': 'handleContinueClick',
    },

    initialize: function() {
        this.template = _.template($("#ItemTemplate").html())
        this.render()
    },

    render: function() {
        $(this.el).html(this.template({model:this.model}))
    },

    handleContinueClick: function(e) {
        alert('Clicked!')
    }
})

My Issue is I would like to only go and grab the html once and only once for this particular type of view so that if I have a lot of items it doesn't go searching the html for this template each time.

Basically how do I properly store the template variable at the ItemView object level (not instance of the view) keeping in mind that the retrieval of the html has to wait until after page load (so that I can guarantee the template html is available).

回答1:

You can build a very simple object that caches the templates for you:

TemplateCache = {
  get: function(selector){
    if (!this.templates){ this.templates = {}; }

    var template = this.templates[selector];
    if (!template){
      var tmpl = $(selector).html();
      template = _.template(tmpl);
      this.templates[selector] = template;
    }

    return template;
  }
}

Then in your view, you can call TemplateCache.get and pass in your template selector.

Backbone.View.extend({
  template: "#ItemTemplate",

  render: function(){
    var template = TemplateCache.get(this.template);
    var html = template(this.model.toJSON());
    this.$el.html(html);
  }
});

The first time you call TemplateCache.get for a given selector, it will load it from the DOM. Any subsequent calls to get the template will load it from the cached version and prevent the extra DOM access call.

FWIW: I have a much more robust version of the TemplateCache object in my Backbone.Marionette framework: https://github.com/derickbailey/backbone.marionette

回答2:

Most Backbone examples I've seen do it like this. This will only traverse the DOM once to parse the template when the page finishes loading and use that for each new ItemView().

App.ItemView = Backbone.View.extend({
    template: _.template($("#ItemTemplate").html()),

    className:'well',

    events: {
        'click .continue': 'handleContinueClick',
    },

    ...
});

http://backbonejs.org/docs/todos.html#section-21

回答3:

You could muck around with prototype.template by hand and compile the template the first time you create an instance of your view. Something like this:

initialize: function() {
    if(!this.constructor.prototype.template)
        this.constructor.prototype.template = _.template($("#ItemTemplate").html());
    this.render();
}

Demo: http://jsfiddle.net/ambiguous/e6y3F/

The trick is to get your hands on the right prototype.

回答4:

You could store the compiled template in a closure so that only the instances of ItemView can access it:

(function() {

    var template;

    App.ItemView = Backbone.View.extend({

        className:'well',

        events: {
            'click .continue': 'handleContinueClick'
        },

        initialize: function() {
            this.render();
        },

        render: function() {
            template = template || _.template($("#ItemTemplate").html());
            $(this.el).html(template({model:this.model}));
        },

        handleContinueClick: function(e) {
            alert('Clicked!');
        }

    });

})();

回答5:

Another solution using prototype:

 initialize: function(option) {
     if (!this.template) App.ItemView.prototype.template = this.template || _.template($('ItemTemplate').html());
 }

回答6:

You could use raw HTML-code or you might get HTML-code from DOM-element which should had rendered before this script

1) raw HTML-code:

var app = app || {};

app.TreeView = Backbone.View.extend({
    tagName: 'ul',
    id: 'js-tree',
    template: _.template('<li data-id="<%- id %>"><%- Name %></li>'),
    initialize: function() {
        this.render();
    },
    render: function () {
        this.model.each(this.renderRow, this);
        return this;
    },
    renderRow: function(model) {
        var html = template(model);
        this.$el.append(html);
        return this;
    }
});

2) or HTML-code from rendered DOM-element:

var app = app || {};

app.TreeView = Backbone.View.extend({
    tagName: 'ul',
    id: 'js-tree',
    template: _.template($("#js-template-tree-item").html()),
    initialize: function() {
        this.render();
    },
    render: function () {
        this.model.each(this.renderRow, this);
        return this;
    },
    renderRow: function(model) {
        var html = template(model);
        this.$el.append(html);
        return this;
    }
});