Preventing MSYS 'bash' from killing proces

问题:

I have a console-mode Windows application (ported from Unix) that was originally designed to do a clean exit when it received ^C (Unix SIGINT). A clean exit in this case involves waiting, potentially quite a long time, for remote network connections to close down. (I know this is not the normal behavior of ^C but I am not in a position to change it.) The program is single-threaded.

I can trap ^C with either signal(SIGINT) (as under Unix) or with SetConsoleCtrlHandler. Either works correctly when the program is run under CMD.EXE. However, if I use the "bash" shell that comes with MSYS (I am using the MinGW environment to build the program, as this allows me to reuse the Unix makefiles) then the program is forcibly terminated some random, short time (less than 100 milliseconds) after the ^C. This is unacceptable, since as I mentioned, the program needs to wait for remote network connections to close down.

It is very likely that people will want to run this program under MSYS bash. Also, this effect breaks the test suite. I have not been able to find any way to work around the problem either from within the program (ideal) or by settings on the shell (acceptable). Can anyone recommend anything?

回答1:

This could be due to the infamous mintty "Input/Output interaction with alien programs" problem (aka mintty issue #56). In this case it is manifesting as Ctrl-C abruptly killing the program rather than being passed down to the program as a signal to be caught and handled. Evidence for this theory is based on zwol's extensive explanation: "console-mode Windows application", "[application is] designed to do a clean exit when it received ^C", "[application] works correctly when the program is run under CMD.EXE" but "[when using the terminal] that comes with MSYS [...] program is forcibly terminated" (at the time of writing (2018) MSYS defaults to using mintty as its terminal).

Unfortunately mintty isn't a full Windows console replacement and various behaviours expected by "native" Windows programs are not implemented. However, you might have some joy wrapping such native programs in winpty when running them within mintty...

Other questions also describe this behaviour: see https://superuser.com/questions/606201/how-to-politely-kill-windows-process-from-cygwin and https://superuser.com/questions/1039098/how-to-make-mintty-close-gracefully-on-ctrl-c .

回答2:

I had the exact same problem - I had written a program with a SIGINT/SIGTERM handler. That handler did clean-up work which sometimes took awhile. When I ran the program from within msys bash, ctrl-c would cause my SIGINT handler to fire, but it would not finish - the program was terminated ("from the outside", as it were) before it could complete its clean-up work.

Building on phs's answer, and this answer to a similar question: https://stackoverflow.com/a/23678996/2494650, I came up with the following solution. It's insanely simple, and it might have some side-effects that I've yet to discover, but it fixed the problem for me.

Create a ~/.bashrc file with the following line:

trap '' SIGINT

That's it. This traps the sigint signal and prevents msys bash from terminating your program "from the outside". However, it somehow still lets the SIGINT signal through to your program, allowing it to do its graceful cleanup/shutdown. I can't tell you exactly why it works this way, but it does - at least for me.

Good luck!

回答3:

Arg - 5 minute edit on comment. Here's what I wanted to write:

As a workaround, instead of trying to trap the CTRL-C event which is also being propagated to the shell I'd propose turning off the ENABLED_PROCESSED_INPUT on stdin so that CTRL-C is reported as a keyboard input instead of as a signal:

DWORD mode;
HANDLE hstdin = GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE);
GetConsoleMode(hstdin, &mode);
SetConsoleMode(hstdin, mode & ~ENABLE_PROCESSED_INPUT); /* disable CTRL-C processing as a signal */

You could then process keyboard input in your main thread while the rest of the program does its thing in a separate thread and set an event to cleanup when CTRL-C is received.

回答4:

When you run your program with MSYS bash, do you run the executable directly, or is there a wrapping (bash) shell script?

If so, it may be registering a custom Ctrl-C handler with the trap command (that does a sleep followed by a kill.) If such a thing exists, alter or remove it.

If there is no trap registered, or there is no wrapping script, consider making such a script and adding your own trap to override the default behavior. You can see an example of how to use it here or on bash's man page (in the SHELL BUILTINS section).

回答5:

Ctrl-C is SIGINT? I thought Ctrl-Z was SIGINT, but Ctrl-C is SIGTERM. Check that.

回答6:

Do you have a CYGWIN environment setting (in control panel/environment variables)? Try setting CYGWIN=notty and restart open a new MSYS bash shell - does the problem persist?