Finding import static statements for Mockito const

问题:

I'm trying to crash through the brick wall between me and Mockito. I've torn my hair out over trying to get correct import static statements for Mockito stuff. You'd think someone would just throw up a table saying that anyInt() comes from org.mockito.Matchers and when() comes from org.mockito.Mockito, etc., but that would be too helpful to newcomers, no?

This sort of thing, especially when mixed in with myriad more import statements ending in asterisks, isn't always very helpful:

import static org.junit.Assert.*;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;

Yes, I know about and have been trying to use the Eclipse Window -> Preferences-> Java -> Editor-> Content Assist -> Favorites mechanism. It helps, but it doesn't hit the nail on the head.

Any answers to this question would be appreciated.

Many thanks, Russ

回答1:

The problem is that static imports from Hamcrest and Mockito have similar names, but return Matchers and real values, respectively.

One work-around is to simply copy the Hamcrest and/or Mockito classes and delete/rename the static functions so they are easier to remember and less show up in the auto complete. That's what I did.

Also, when using mocks, I try to avoid assertThat in favor other other assertions and verify, e.g.

assertEquals(1, 1);
verify(someMock).someMethod(eq(1));

instead of

assertThat(1, equalTo(1));
verify(someMock).someMethod(eq(1));

If you remove the classes from your Favorites in Eclipse, and type out the long name e.g. org.hamcrest.Matchers.equalTo and do CTRL+SHIFT+M to 'Add Import' then autocomplete will only show you Hamcrest matchers, not any Mockito matchers. And you can do this the other way so long as you don't mix matchers.

回答2:

Here's what I've been doing to cope with the situation.

I use global imports on a new test class.

import static org.junit.Assert.*;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;
import static org.mockito.Matchers.*;

When you are finished writing your test and need to commit, you just CTRL+SHIFT+O to organize the packages. For example, you may just be left with:

import static org.mockito.Mockito.doThrow;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
import static org.mockito.Matchers.anyString;

This allows you to code away without getting 'stuck' trying to find the correct package to import.

回答3:

For is()

import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.*;

For assertThat()

import static org.junit.Assert.*;

For when() and verify()

import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;