Python on Electron framework

问题:

I am trying to write a cross-platform desktop app using web technologies (HTML5, CSS, and JS). I took a look at some frameworks and decided to use the Electron framework.

I've already done the app in Python, so I want to know if is possible to write cross-platform desktop applications using Python on the Electron framework?

Thank you

回答1:

It is possible to work with Electron but if you are looking for "webbish" UI capabilities, you can check Flexx - it allows you to code in pure Python but still use the styling and UI flexibility of web development tools.

If you insist on going on Electron you should follow the idea of this post.

First make sure you have everything installed:

pip install Flask
npm install electron-prebuilt -
npm install request-promise -g

Now create the directory where you want all the magic to happen and include following files

Create your hello.py:

from __future__ import print_function
import time
from flask import Flask

app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route("/")
def hello():
    return "Hello World! This is powered by Python backend."

if __name__ == "__main__":
   print('oh hello')
    #time.sleep(5)
    app.run(host='127.0.0.1', port=5000)

Create your basic package.json:

{
  "name"    : "your-app",
  "version" : "0.1.0",
  "main"    : "main.js",
  "dependencies": {
    "request-promise": "*",
    "electron-prebuilt": "*"
  }
}

Finally create your main.js:

const electron = require('electron');
const app = electron.app;
const BrowserWindow = electron.BrowserWindow;
electron.crashReporter.start();

var mainWindow = null;

app.on('window-all-closed', function() {
  //if (process.platform != 'darwin') {
    app.quit();
  //}
});

app.on('ready', function() {
  // call python?
  var subpy = require('child_process').spawn('python', ['./hello.py']);
  //var subpy = require('child_process').spawn('./dist/hello.exe');
  var rq = require('request-promise');
  var mainAddr = 'http://localhost:5000';

  var openWindow = function(){
    mainWindow = new BrowserWindow({width: 800, height: 600});
    // mainWindow.loadURL('file://' + __dirname + '/index.html');
    mainWindow.loadURL('http://localhost:5000');
    mainWindow.webContents.openDevTools();
    mainWindow.on('closed', function() {
      mainWindow = null;
      subpy.kill('SIGINT');
    });
  };

  var startUp = function(){
    rq(mainAddr)
      .then(function(htmlString){
        console.log('server started!');
        openWindow();
      })
      .catch(function(err){
        //console.log('waiting for the server start...');
        startUp();
      });
  };

  // fire!
  startUp();
});

Taken from the post itself - are the following notes

Notice that in main.js, we spawn a child process for a Python application. Then we check whether the server has been up or not using unlimited loop (well, bad practice! we should actually check the time required and break the loop after some seconds). After the server has been up, we build an actual electron window pointing to the new local website index page.

回答2:

You can use nodejs modules inside Electron. Check out https://github.com/JeanSebTr/node-python. I haven't got any personal experience with it but it might be what you're looking for.

回答3:

I was searching for alternatives to electron using python and I found CEF Python its Python bindings for the Chromium Embedded Framework. CEF is kind of Electron for Python https://github.com/cztomczak/cefpython

回答4:

You can use python-shell to communicate between Python and Node.js/Electron.

python-shell provides an easy way to run Python scripts from Node.js with basic and efficient inter-process communication and better error handling.

Using python-shell, you can:

• spawn Python scripts in a child process;
• switch between text, JSON and binary modes;
• use custom parsers and formatters;
• perform data transfers through stdin and stdout streams;
• get stack traces when an error is thrown.

In your terminal, make sure you are inside the root folder of your project and run the following command to install python-shell from npm:

npm install --save python-shell 

You can then simply run a Python shell using:

var pyshell =  require('python-shell');

pyshell.run('hello.py',  function  (err, results)  {
 if  (err)  throw err;
 console.log('hello.py finished.');
 console.log('results', results);
});

See more information from this tutorial