What does “1 line adds whitespace errors” mean whe

问题:

I'm editing some markdown files of a cloned remote repository, and wanted to test creating and applying patches from one branch to another. However, every time I make any change at all, I get the following message during git apply:

0001-b.patch:16: trailing whitespace.
warning: 1 line adds whitespace errors.

(This is happening on my Mac, and I don't know where the original code was created.)

What does the warning message mean, and do I need to care?

回答1:

You don't need to care.

The warning enacts a standard of cleanliness of text files in regard to whitespace, the kind of thing that many programmers tend to care about. As the manual explains:

What are considered whitespace errors is controlled by core.whitespace configuration. By default, trailing whitespaces (including lines that solely consist of whitespaces) and a space character that is immediately followed by a tab character inside the initial indent of the line are considered whitespace errors.

By default, the command outputs warning messages but applies the patch.

So, the "error" means that the change introduces a trailing whitespace, a whitespace-only line, or a space that precedes a tab. Other than that fact, there is nothing erroneous about the change, and it will apply cleanly and correctly. In other words, if you don't care about the "incorrect" whitespace, feel free to ignore the warning or turn it off with git config apply.whitespace nowarn.

回答2:

One case when you could legitimately care is when you want to differentiate between "old" whitespase error (that you might want to keep for legacy reason) and "new" whitespace errors (that you want to avoid).

To that effect, Git 2.5+ (Q2 2015) will propose a more specific option for whitespace detection.

See commits 0e383e1, 0ad782f, and d55ef3e [26 May 2015] by Junio C Hamano (gitster).
^{(Merged by Junio in commit 709cd91, 11 Jun 2015)}

diff.c: --ws-error-highlight=<kind> option

Traditionally, we only cared about whitespace breakages introduced in new lines.
Some people want to paint whitespace breakages on old lines, too. When they see a whitespace breakage on a new line, they can spot the same kind of whitespace breakage on the corresponding old line and want to say "Ah, those breakages are there but they were inherited from the original, so let's not touch them for now."

Introduce --ws-error-highlight=<kind> option, that lets them pass a comma separated list of old, new, and context to specify what lines to highlight whitespace errors on.

The documentation now includes:

--ws-error-highlight=<kind>

Highlight whitespace errors on lines specified by <kind> in the color specified by color.diff.whitespace.
<kind> is a comma separated list of old, new, context.
When this option is not given, only whitespace errors in new lines are highlighted.

E.g. --ws-error-highlight=new,old highlights whitespace errors on both deleted and added lines.
all can be used as a short-hand for old,new,context.

For instance, the old commit had one whitespace error (bbb), but you can focus on the new errors only (at the end of still bbb and ccc):

(test done after t/t4015-diff-whitespace.sh)

回答3:

The whitespace error with visual images is shown here.

http://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Distributed-Git-Contributing-to-a-Project#Commit-Guidelines

回答4:

Because line begining with TAB istead of SPACE. Go on patch file and replace TAB with SPACE. E.g. on vim on line + from patch file type x to remove space and not remove sign + and insert space (CTRL) on eqiv to original size.