Struct with template variables in C++

问题:

I'm playing around with templates. I'm not trying to reinvent the std::vector, I'm trying to get a grasp of templateting in C++.

Can I do the following?

template <typename T>
typedef struct{
  size_t x;
  T *ary;
}array;

What I'm trying to do is a basic templated version of:

typedef struct{
  size_t x;
  int *ary;
}iArray;

It looks like it's working if I use a class instead of struct, so is it not possible with typedef structs?

回答1:

The problem is you can't template a typedef, also there is no need to typedef structs in C++.

The following will do what you need

template <typename T> 
struct array { 
  size_t x; 
  T *ary; 
}; 

回答2:

template <typename T>
struct array {
  size_t x;
  T *ary;
};

回答3:

You don't need to do an explicit typedef for classes and structs. What do you need the typedef for? Further, the typedef after a template<...> is syntactically wrong. Simply use:

template <class T>
struct array {
  size_t x;
  T *ary;
} ;

回答4:

You can template a struct as well as a class. However you can't template a typedef. So template<typename T> struct array {...}; works, but template<typename T> typedef struct {...} array; does not. Note that there is no need for the typedef trick in C++ (you can use structs without the struct modifier just fine in C++).

回答5:

The Standard says (at 14/3. For the non-standard folks, the names following a class definition body (or the type in a declaration in general) are "declarators")

In a template-declaration, explicit specialization, or explicit instantiation the init-declarator-list in the dec-laration shall contain at most one declarator. When such a declaration is used to declare a class template, no declarator is permitted.

Do it like Andrey shows.

回答6:

From the other answers, the problem is that you're templating a typedef. The only "way" to do this is to use a templated class; ie, basic template metaprogramming.

template<class T> class vector_Typedefs {
    /*typedef*/ struct array { //The typedef isn't necessary
        size_t x; 
        T *ary; 
    }; 

    //Any other templated typedefs you need. Think of the templated class like something
    // between a function and namespace.
}

//An advantage is:
template<> class vector_Typedefs<bool>
{
    struct array {
        //Special behavior for the binary array
    }
}

回答7:

The syntax is wrong. The typedef should be removed.