Xcode 7 UI Testing: how to dismiss a series of sys

问题:

I am writing UI test cases using the new Xcode 7 UI Testing feature. At some point of my app, I ask the user for permission of camera access and push notification. So two iOS popups will show up: "MyApp Would Like to Access the Camera" popup and "MyApp Would Like to Send You Notifications" popup. I'd like my test to dismiss both popups.

UI recording generated the following code for me:

[app.alerts[@"cameraAccessTitle"].collectionViews.buttons[@"OK"] tap];

However, [app.alerts[@"cameraAccessTitle"] exists] resolves to false, and the code above generates an error: Assertion Failure: UI Testing Failure - Failure getting refresh snapshot Error Domain=XCTestManagerErrorDomain Code=13 "Error copying attributes -25202".

So what's the best way of dismissing a stack of system alerts in test? The system popups interrupt my app flow and fail my normal UI test cases immediately. In fact, any recommendations regarding how I can bypass the system alerts so I can resume testing the usual flow are appreciated.

This question might be related to this SO post which also doesn't have an answer: Xcode7 | Xcode UI Tests | How to handle location service alert?

Thanks in advance.

回答1:

Xcode 7.1

Xcode 7.1 has finally fixed the issue with system alerts. There are, however, two small gotchas.

First, you need to set up a "UI Interuption Handler" before presenting the alert. This is our way of telling the framework how to handle an alert when it appears.

Second, after presenting the alert you must interact with the interface. Simply tapping the app works just fine, but is required.

addUIInterruptionMonitorWithDescription("Location Dialog") { (alert) -> Bool in
    alert.buttons["Allow"].tap()
    return true
}

app.buttons["Request Location"].tap()
app.tap() // need to interact with the app for the handler to fire

The "Location Dialog" is just a string to help the developer identify which handler was accessed, it is not specific to the type of alert.

I believe that returning true from the handler marks it as "complete", which means it won't be called again. For your situation I would try returning false so the second alert will trigger the handler again.

Xcode 7.0

The following will dismiss a single "system alert" in Xcode 7 Beta 6:

let app = XCUIApplication()
app.launch()
// trigger location permission dialog

app.alerts.element.collectionViews.buttons["Allow"].tap()

Beta 6 introduced a slew of fixes for UI Testing and I believe this was one of them.

Also note that I am calling -element directly on -alerts. Calling -element on an XCUIElementQuery forces the framework to choose the "one and only" matching element on the screen. This works great for alerts where you can only have one visible at a time. However, if you try this for a label and have two labels the framework will raise an exception.

回答2:

Gosh. It always taps on "Don't Allow" even though I deliberately say tap on "Allow"

At least

if app.alerts.element.collectionViews.buttons["Allow"].exists {
    app.tap()
}

allows me to move on and do other tests.

回答3:

Objective - C

-(void) registerHandlerforDescription: (NSString*) description {

    [self addUIInterruptionMonitorWithDescription:description handler:^BOOL(XCUIElement * _Nonnull interruptingElement) {

        XCUIElement *element = interruptingElement;
        XCUIElement *allow = element.buttons[@"Allow"];
        XCUIElement *ok = element.buttons[@"OK"];

        if ([ok exists]) {
            [ok tap];
            return YES;
        }

        if ([allow exists]) {
            [allow tap];
            return YES;
        }

        return NO;
    }];
}

-(void)setUp {

    [super setUp];

    self.continueAfterFailure = NO;
    self.app = [[XCUIApplication alloc] init];
    [self.app launch];

    [self registerHandlerforDescription:@"“MyApp” would like to make data available to nearby Bluetooth devices even when you're not using app."];
    [self registerHandlerforDescription:@"“MyApp” Would Like to Access Your Photos"];
    [self registerHandlerforDescription:@"“MyApp” Would Like to Access the Camera"];
}

Swift

addUIInterruptionMonitorWithDescription("Description") { (alert) -> Bool in
    alert.buttons["Allow"].tap()
    alert.buttons["OK"].tap()
    return true
}

回答4:

God! I hate how XCTest has the worst time dealing with UIView Alerts. I have an app where I get 2 alerts the first one wants me to select "Allow" to enable locations services for App permissions, then on a splash page the user has to press a UIButton called "Turn on location" and finally there is a notification sms alert in a UIViewAlert and the user has to select "OK". The problem we were having was not being able to interact with the system Alerts, but also a race condition where behavior and its appearance on screen was untimely. It seems that if you use the alert.element.buttons["whateverText"].tap the logic of XCTest is to keep pressing until the time of the test runs out. So basically keep pressing anything on the screen until all the system alerts are clear of view.

This is a hack but this is what worked for me.

    func testGetPastTheStupidAlerts(){
    let app = XCUIApplication()
    app.launch()

    if app.alerts.element.collectionViews.buttons["Allow"].exists {
        app.tap()
    }

    app.buttons["TURN ON MY LOCATION"].tap()
}

The string "Allow" is completely ignored and the logic to app.tap() is called evreytime an alert is in view and finally the button I wanted to reach ["Turn On Location"] is accessible and the test pass

~Totally confused, thanks Apple.

回答5:

The only thing I found that reliably fixed this was to set up two separate tests to handle the alerts. In the first test, I call app.tap() and do nothing else. In the second test, I call app.tap() again and then do the real work.

回答6:

For the ones who are looking for specific descriptions for specific system dialogs (like i did) there is none :) the string is just for testers tracking purposes. Related apple document link : https://developer.apple.com/documentation/xctest/xctestcase/1496273-adduiinterruptionmonitor

---

Update : xcode 9.2

The method is sometimes triggered sometimes not. Best workaround for me is when i know there will be a system alert, i add :

sleep(2)
app.tap()

and system alert is gone

回答7:

On xcode 9.1, alerts are only being handled if the test device has iOS 11. Doesn't work on older iOS versions e.g 10.3 etc. Reference: https://forums.developer.apple.com/thread/86989

To handle alerts use this:

//Use this before the alerts appear. I am doing it before app.launch()

let allowButtonPredicate = NSPredicate(format: "label == 'Always Allow' || label == 'Allow'")
//1st alert
_ = addUIInterruptionMonitor(withDescription: "Allow to access your location?") { (alert) -> Bool in
    let alwaysAllowButton = alert.buttons.matching(allowButtonPredicate).element.firstMatch
    if alwaysAllowButton.exists {
        alwaysAllowButton.tap()
        return true
    }
    return false
}
//Copy paste if there are more than one alerts to handle in the app

回答8:

@Joe Masilotti's answer is correct and thanks for that, it helped me a lot :)

I would just like to point out the one thing, and that is the UIInterruptionMonitor catches all system alerts presented in series TOGETHER, so that the action you apply in the completion handler gets applied to every alert ("Don't allow" or "OK"). If you want to handle alert actions differently, you have to check, inside the completion handler, which alert is currently presented e.g. by checking its static text, and then the action will be applied only on that alert.

Here's small code snippet for applying the "Don't allow" action on the second alert, in series of three alerts, and "OK" action on the remaining two:

addUIInterruptionMonitor(withDescription: "Access to sound recording") { (alert) -> Bool in
        if alert.staticTexts["MyApp would like to use your microphone for recording your sound."].exists {
            alert.buttons["Don’t Allow"].tap()
        } else {
            alert.buttons["OK"].tap()
        }
        return true
    }
app.tap()

回答9:

Sounds like the approach to implementing camera access and notifications are threaded as you say, but not physically managed and left to chance when and how they are displayed.

I suspect one is triggered by the other and when it is programatically clicked it wipes out the other one as well (which Apple would probably never allow)

Think of it you're asking for a users permission then making the decision on their behalf? Why? Because you can't get your code to work maybe.

How to fix - trace where these two components are triggering the pop up dialogues - where are they being called?, rewrite to trigger just one, send an NSNotification when one dialogue has been completed to trigger and display the remaining one.

I would seriously discourage the approach of programatically clicking dialogue buttons meant for the user.