Dynamically find the class that represents a primi

问题:

I need to make some reflective method calls in Java. Those calls will include methods that have arguments that are primitive types (int, double, etc.). The way to specify such types when looking up the method reflectively is int.class, double.class, etc.

The challenge is that I am accepting input from an outside source that will specify the types dynamically. Therefore, I need to come up with these Class references dynamically as well. Imagine a delimited file a list of method names with lists of parameter types:

doSomething int double
doSomethingElse java.lang.String boolean

If the input was something like java.lang.String, I know I could use Class.forName("java.lang.String") to that Class instance back. Is there any way to use that method, or another, to get the primitive type Classes back?

Edit: Thanks to all the respondents. It seems clear that there is no built-in way to cleanly do what I want, so I will settle for reusing the ClassUtils class from the Spring framework. It seems to contain a replacement for Class.forName() that will work with my requirements.

回答1:

The Spring framework contains a utility class ClassUtils which contains the static method forName. This method can be used for the exact purpose you described.

In case you don’t like to have a dependency on Spring: the source code of the method can be found e. g. here on their public repository. The class source code is licensed under the Apache 2.0 model.

Note however that the algorithm uses a hard-coded map of primitive types.

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Edit: Thanks to commenters Dávid Horváth and Patrick for pointing out the broken link.

回答2:

The Class instances for the primitive types are obtainable as you said using e.g. int.class, but it is also possible to get the same values using something like Integer.TYPE. Each primitive wrapper class contains a static field, TYPE, which has the corresponding primitive class instance.

You cannot obtain the primitive class via forName, but you can get it from a class which is readily available. If you absolutely must use reflection, you can try something like this:

Class clazz = Class.forName("java.lang.Integer");
Class intClass = clazz.getField("TYPE").get(null);

intClass.equals(int.class);         // => true

回答3:

Probably you just need to map the primitives and for the rest of the classes perform the "forName" method:

I would do something like:

void someWhere(){
     String methodDescription = "doSomething int double java.lang.Integer java.lang.String"
     String [] parts = methodDescription.split();
     String methodName= parts[0]
     Class [] paramsTypes = getParamTypes( parts ); // Well, not all the array, but a, sub array from 1 to arr.length..  

    Method m = someObject.class.getMethod( methodName, paramTypes );
    etc. etc etc.
}

public Class[] paramTypes( String [] array ){
     List<Class> list = new ArrayList<Class>();
     for( String type : array ) {
         if( builtInMap.contains( type )) {
             list.add( builtInMap.get( type ) );
          }else{
             list.add( Class.forName( type ) );
          }
     }
     return list.toArray();
}  

    // That's right.
Map<String,Class> builtInMap = new HashMap<String,Class>();{
       builtInMap.put("int", Integer.TYPE );
       builtInMap.put("long", Long.TYPE );
       builtInMap.put("double", Double.TYPE );
       builtInMap.put("float", Float.TYPE );
       builtInMap.put("bool", Boolean.TYPE );
       builtInMap.put("char", Character.TYPE );
       builtInMap.put("byte", Byte.TYPE );
       builtInMap.put("void", Void.TYPE );
       builtInMap.put("short", Short.TYPE );
}

That is, create a map where the primitives types are stored and if the description belong to a primitive then use the mapped class. This map may also be loaded from an external configuration file, to add flexibility so you add String as a built in instead of java.lang.String or potentially have method like this.

"doSomething string yes|no "

There are lots of this kind of code in OS projects like Struts, Hibernate, Spring and Apache libs ( just to mention a few ) , so you don't need to start from zero.

BTW. I did not compile the above code, but I'm pretty sure it works with little modifications don't down vote me for that.

回答4:

Apache Commons Lang has ClassUtils.getClass(String), which supports primitive types.

回答5:

A number of Class methods don't handle primitives in a consistent fashion unfortunately. A common way around this in forName is to have a table like;

private static final Map<String, Class> BUILT_IN_MAP = 
    new ConcurrentHashMap<String, Class>();

static {
    for (Class c : new Class[]{void.class, boolean.class, byte.class, char.class,  
            short.class, int.class, float.class, double.class, long.class})
        BUILT_IN_MAP.put(c.getName(), c);
}

public static Class forName(String name) throws ClassNotFoundException {
    Class c = BUILT_IN_MAP.get(name);
    if (c == null)
        // assumes you have only one class loader!
        BUILT_IN_MAP.put(name, c = Class.forName(name));
    return c;
}

回答6:

The following code talks about how to get the class of a primitive type who's field name is known, e.g. in this case 'sampleInt'.

public class CheckPrimitve {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Sample s = new Sample();
        try {
            System.out.println(s.getClass().getField("sampleInt").getType() == int.class); // returns true
            System.out.println(s.getClass().getField("sampleInt").getType().isPrimitive()); // returns true
        } catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {          
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (SecurityException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }       
    }
}

class Sample {
    public int sampleInt;
    public Sample() {
        sampleInt = 10;
    }
}

One can also check whether a given value is primitive or not by getting it's respective wrapper class or it's field value.

    public class CheckPrimitve {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            int i = 3;
            Object o = i;
            System.out.println(o.getClass().getSimpleName().equals("Integer")); // returns true
            Field[] fields = o.getClass().getFields();
            for(Field field:fields) {
                System.out.println(field.getType()); // returns {int, int, class java.lang.Class, int}
            }
        }
    }

回答7:

Google Guava offers com.google.common.primitives.Primitives for this sort of stuff.