Add to a readonly collection in a constructor?

问题:

Is there a c# language construct that will allow me to add items to a readonly collection property in a constructor? I want to do something like this:

public class Node{
    public IList<Node> Children {get; protected set;}
    public Node(){
        Children = new ObservableList<Node>();
    }
}

... in my code somewhere...

var node = new Node {Children.Add(new Node())};

(not a great example, but I hope this gets the idea across)...

UPDATE

OK sorry I need to be clearer. I didn't write this Node class, and I cannot change it. I am asking if there is a c# language concept that will allow me to add to the readonly collection in the parameterless constructor in the second snippet, assuming the Node class is not changeable.

回答1:

Try this. It is definitely possible to add elements on construction

var node = new Node
 {
     Children =
    {
        new Node(),
        new Node()
    }
 };

回答2:

If you have a property of type List that is get only, that only means you can't set that property, you can still add things to the list.

You could however expose an IEnumerable property instead and have a constructor that takes a list(or another IEnumerable more likely).

Property initializers do not work since the compiler will just rewrite them to regular property assignments.

I'd do this:

public class Node{
    public IEnumerable<Node> Children {get; private set;}
    public Node(IEnumerable<Node> children){
        Children = children.ToList();
    }
}

---

if you can't change the Node class, I suggest writing a helper class similar to this:

public static Node Create(IEnumerable<Node> children)
{
    var n = new Node();
    foreach (var c in children)
        n.Children.Add(c);
     return n;
}

回答3:

To use the collection initializer syntax from you second code snippet your Node class must implement IEnumerable and have a public method with the signature

void Add(Node child)

Hence such a class cannot offer the immutability you desire. I think the best solution to your problem would be to do this

public class Node
{
  public readonly IEnumerable<Node> Children;

  public Node(IEnumerable<Node> children)
  {
    Children = children;
  }
}

or if you do not like the deferred execution of IEnumerable:

public class Node
{
  public readonly ReadOnlyCollection<Node> Children;

  public Node(IEnumerable<Node> children)
  {
    Children = new ReadOnlyCollection<Node>(children);
  }
}

回答4:

You can add a backing field to the "Children" property, then just populate the backing field during construction.

Like so

public class Node
        {
            private IList<Node> _Children;
            public IList<Node> Children { get { return _Children; } }
            public Node(IList<Node> children)
            {
                _Children = children;
            }
        }

Then you can do this

var node = new Node((new ObservableList<Node>()).Add(new Node()));