Adding an item in matplotlib´s toolbar

问题:

I created a matplotlib´s figure in a QMainWindow, using PyQt and I am trying to add a button to the matplotlib´s toolbar in my code. This is the NavigationToolbar that I created:

I added those buttons using the addWidget method. But, what I need is to create an Icon and put it on the toolbar. This is some part of my code:

class A(QMainWindow):
  def __init__(self):
    QMainWindow.__init__(self)

    self.mainWidget = QWidget()
    self.setCentralWidget(self.mainWidget)
    layout = QVBoxLayout()
    self.mainWidget.setLayout(layout)

    self.figure_canvas = FigureCanvas(Figure())
    layout.addWidget(self.figure_canvas, 10)

    self.axes = self.figure_canvas.figure.add_subplot(111)

    self.navigation_toolbar = NavigationToolbar2(self.figure_canvas, self)
    self.addToolBar(Qt.TopToolBarArea, self.navigation_toolbar) 

    self.btn_selection_tool3 = QPushButton(, "Connect")
    self.navigation_toolbar.addWidget(self.btn_selection_tool3)

    self.btn_selection_tool2 = QPushButton()
    self.navigation_toolbar.addWidget(self.btn_selection_tool2)

    self.btn_showgrid = QPushButton("Show Grid")
    self.navigation_toolbar.addWidget(self.btn_showgrid)

    self.btn_hidegrid = QPushButton("Hide Grid")
    self.navigation_toolbar.addWidget(self.btn_hidegrid)

app = QApplication(sys.argv)
window = A()
window.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())

I saw some codes and questions made, and I found these, but I could not accomplish what I need. These are the links that I read:

dale lane - customize navigation toolbar

Modify the toolbar

The links only told me how to delete some of them, and one works with wx.

How can I add these buttons in the toolbar, without using QPushbutton or addWidget methods?. Hope you can help me

------ EDIT ------

Based on @three_pineapples comment, Ihave tried to add this class to my code:

class MyToolbar(NavigationToolbar2):
  def __init__(self):
    NavigationToolbar2.__init__(self)
    self.iconDir = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)),
        "..", "images", "icons", "")

    self.a = self.addAction(QIcon(iconDir + "BYE2.ico"),
        "Bye", self.bye)
    self.a.setToolTip("GoodBye")

  def bye(self):
    print "See you next time")

And I instantiated doing:

self.navigation_toolbar = MyToolbar(), instead of:

self.navigation_toolbar = NavigationToolbar2(self.figure_canvas, self)

But, I am getting this error:

TypeError: __init__() takes at least 3 arguments (1 given)

I´ve tried adding *args and kwargs, but I do not know what i am missing here.

Is this the way to add a button to the matplotlib´s toolbar? Hope you can help me.

回答1:

I have solved the problem. I´ ve found this code:

Matplotlib/Tkinter - customizing toolbar tooltips

So, I created a subclass and added as it says in the link. This is the code:

class MyToolbar(NavigationToolbar2):
  def __init__(self, figure_canvas, parent= None):
    self.toolitems = (('Home', 'Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet', 'home', 'home'),
        ('Back', 'consectetuer adipiscing elit', 'back', 'back'),
        ('Forward', 'sed diam nonummy nibh euismod', 'forward', 'forward'),
        (None, None, None, None),
        ('Pan', 'tincidunt ut laoreet', 'move', 'pan'),
        ('Zoom', 'dolore magna aliquam', 'zoom_to_rect', 'zoom'),
        (None, None, None, None),
        ('Subplots', 'putamus parum claram', 'subplots', 'configure_subplots'),
        ('Save', 'sollemnes in futurum', 'filesave', 'save_figure'),
        ('Port', 'Select', "select", 'select_tool'),
        )

    NavigationToolbar2.__init__(self, figure_canvas, parent= None)

  def select_tool(self):
    print "You clicked the selection tool"

And the, you can add this toolbar by writing:

self.navigation_toolbar = MyToolbar(self.figure_canvas, self)            
self.navigation_toolbar.update()

If you want to only let your own button, you must erase all the others items from self.toolitems. For example:

self.toolitems = (
    ('Port', 'Select', "select", 'select_tool'),
    )

With this, you will only see your own button in the NavigationToolbar

Hope this helps.

回答2:

Based on this related SO answer, I wanted a way that doesn't involve extending any class and is much less verbose (pretty much 3 lines). Taking a look to this sources and using fig.canvas.toolbar I made this snippet work:

It plots an image and adds two buttons to the toolbar: previous and next, which can be bound to any parameter-less function. This can be very convenient, for instance, for scrolling through the images on a folder and drawing some points or lines on them using scatter, as explained in this other SO post. Let me know how it works for you!

fig, ax = plt.subplots()
fig.canvas.manager.toolbar._Button("PREVIOUS", "back_large", <ACTION_PREV>)
fig.canvas.manager.toolbar._Button("NEXT", "forward_large", <ACTION_NEXT>)
im = plt.imread("hello.png")
implot = ax.imshow(im)
fig.show()

• Note the bigger arrows that were added to the toolbar.

• The drawback of this method is that it uses the protected _Button method, whose interface may change in further versions, but this way seems fine to me for some casual scripting.

• Also note that the method signature (see the sources) requires a path to an image that (in my case) has to be found at /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/matplotlib/mpl-data/images. Again, there is probably a way to overcome this but probably more verbose than the inheriting alternative.

Cheers,
Andres

---

BONUS:

class ImageViewer(object):
    """Given a path to a directory, this class opens a matplotib window with two
       custom buttons that allow scrolling through the images in the directory.
       Usage example: iv = ImageViewer("/home/pau/Images")
    """
    def __init__(self, seq_path, img_extension=".png"):
        self.ids = [join(seq_path, splitext(img)[0]) for img in listdir(seq_path)
                    if img.endswith(img_extension)]
        self.mod = len(self.ids)
        self.idx = 0
        self.fig, self.ax = plt.subplots()
        self.fig.canvas.manager.toolbar._Button("PREVIOUS", "back_large", self.prev)
        self.fig.canvas.manager.toolbar._Button("NEXT", "forward_large", self.next)
        self._plot(0)
    def _plot(self, idx):
        im = plt.imread(self.ids[idx]+".png")
        implot = self.ax.imshow(im, cmap='Greys_r',  interpolation='nearest')
        self.fig.show()
    def next(self):
        self.idx = (self.idx+1)%self.mod
        self._plot(self.idx)
    def prev(self):
        self.idx = (self.idx-1)%self.mod
        self._plot(self.idx)