How does one securely handle passwords in a custom

问题:

Assume I have a custom PowerShell Cmdlet that exports data and encrypts it using a password.

[Cmdlet(VerbsData.Export, "SampleData")]
public class ExportSampleData : PSCmdlet
{
    [Parameter(Mandatory = true)]
    public string Password
    {
        get;
        set;
    }

    /* additional parameters */
}

How does one appropriately handle the passwords securely? For example, I'd like to prevent the value from being displayed when the administrator types it in the console. Other options include reading a file that contains an encrypted password.

I'm aware of PSCredential but that requires a user name which makes no sense in this scenario.

回答1:

If you only want to obtain the password, you can use

Read-Host cmdlet with the–asSecureString parameter.

This parameter mask the input.

回答2:

You can find in this answer a way to crypt with the computer password (works on safe machines).

Using @Christian response you can put the password to the disk like this :

PS > $cred.Password | ConvertFrom-SecureString | Set-Content c:\temp\password.txt

And retreive it with :

$password = Get-Content c:\temp\password.txt | ConvertTo-SecureString
$cred = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PsCredential "UserName",$password

回答3:

Change the type of the Password parameter to SecureString; if the administrator omits the -Password parameter, PowerShell will do the right thing by prompting the administrator for the mandatory parameter and display astrisks as they type.

Ideally the implementation of your cmdlet will pass the SecureString to some API that natively supports SecureString (most secure); if not, you'll have to extract the password from the SecureString. Here's a good article on how to do that: How to properly convert SecureString to String

回答4:

If you are writing a C# PowerShell Cmdlet and one of the parameters requires the user to enter a password it should be obfuscated.

To do this you need to be using System.Security;

And then your parameter type should be SecureString.

So using your example:

[Cmdlet(VerbsData.Export, "SampleData")]
public class ExportSampleData : PSCmdlet
{
    [Parameter(Mandatory = true)]
    public SecureString Password
    {
        get;
        set;
    }

/* additional parameters */
}