How to use ScalaTest “contain allOf” on two lists?

问题:

I was looking for a ScalaTest matcher to check that a list contains all of the needed elements (given within another list), but that may also be others.

contain allOf demands to get two fixed elements, for some reason, the rest as varargs.

I can do a workaround like this, but it's tremendously ugly:

val list = List(1,2,3,4)
val wanted = List(1,2,3)
list should contain allOf ( wanted.head, wanted.tail.head, wanted.tail.tail  :_* )    // ugly workaround

For giving a list as the match, there is contain theSameElementsAs. However, it does not allow extraneous elements to be in the probed value (I think).

So:

• am I missing something?
• why is allOf declared in the way that it must be given two fixed elements in the front (i.e. why not just pass varargs?)
• should there be theSameElementsAndMaybeMoreThanmethod (presumably with a better name)?

Some code I tried with:

val list = List.empty[String]
//list should contain allOf("a")         // does not compile
list should contain allOf("a","b")
list should contain allOf("a","b","c")

val wanted = List("a","b","c")
//list should contain allOf( wanted )    // does not compile
list should contain allOf( wanted.head, wanted.tail )   // compiles, but tests the wrong thing; against List(head,List(tail))

documentation:

Scala 2.11.4, ScalaTest 2.2.1

Edit:

I probably end up using something like:

wanted.foreach( list should contain(_) )

However, this does not seem as readable to me (the should is kind of embedded) as the built-in collection constructs.

回答1:

Bill Venners had this to say on the ScalaTest mailing list:

Yes, we didn't want to hold up the 2.0 release to add that, but have since added it. I believe we added it to master, though, not the 2.2.x branch. Regardless, the syntax looks like:

xSet should contain allElementsOf (ySet)

Link to the message.

回答2:

I don't think there's any good reason for this. You can remedy this with a pimp my class:

object ScalaTestUtils {
    import org.scalatest.words.ResultOfContainWord

    implicit class ResultOfContainWordImprovements[T](val contains: ResultOfContainWord[Seq[T]]) {
        def allOf(right: Seq[T]) = contains allOf(right.head, right.tail.head, right.tail.tail :_*)
    }
}

You should probably make this account for Seqs with fewer than 2 elements (for which this would fail).

Then, you can do:

import ScalaTestUtils._
Seq(1, 2, 3) should contain allOf Seq(1, 2)

回答3:

Another possible solution is:

import org.scalatest.Inspectors.forAll

forAll(list) { wanted should contain(_) }

Expect an error message similar to this:

scala> forAll(List(1, 2)) { List(1) should contain(_) }
org.scalatest.exceptions.TestFailedException: forAll failed, because:
  at index 1, List(1) did not contain element 2 (<console>:18)
in List(1, 2)
...
Caused by: org.scalatest.exceptions.TestFailedException: List(1) did not contain element 2