A hard reload or hard refresh (e.g., shift-reload in Chrome) appears to bypass the service worker.
For example, loading a service-worker controlled page such as https://airhorner.com/ or https://wiki-offline.jakearchibald.com/, setting the network to "offline" in devtools, and then hard reloading the page leads to a broken "there is no internet connection" page. (A regular reload shows the cached page, as expected.)
Is there a way to prevent this, or use the service worker as a fallback in the event that the device is offline?