How do I open a file with the default text editor?

问题:

I want to open a *.conf file. I want to open this file with the standard Windows editor (e.g., notepad.exe).

I currently have this ShellExecute code:

var
  sPath, conf: String;
begin
  try
  sPath := GetCurrentDir + '\conf\';
  conf := 'nginx.conf';
ShellExecute(Application.Handle, 'open', PChar(conf), '', Pchar(sPath+conf), SW_SHOW);
  except
    ShowMessage('Invalid config path.');
  end;
end; 

But nothing happens. So what should I change?

回答1:

The main problem is that you use nginx.conf as the file name. You need the fully-qualified file name (with drive and directory). If the file resides in the same directory as your EXE, you should do

ShellExecute(Handle, nil,
  PChar(ExtractFilePath(Application.ExeName) + 'nginx.conf'),
  nil, nil, SW_SHOWNORMAL)

There is no need to set the directory, and you should normally use SW_SHOWNORMAL.

Also, this only works if the system running the application has the file associations set up properly for .conf files. If the system running the application opens .conf files with MS Paint, then the line above will start MS Paint. If there are no associations at all, the line won't work.

You can specify manually to use notepad.exe:

ShellExecute(Handle, nil, PChar('notepad.exe'),
  PChar(ExtractFilePath(Application.ExeName) + 'nginx.conf'),
  nil, SW_SHOWNORMAL)

Now we start notepad.exe and pass the file name as the first argument.

Third, you shouldn't use try..except the way you do now. The ShellExecute may fail for other reasons than 'invalid config path', and in any case, it won't raise an exception. Instead, consider

if FileExists(...) then
  ShellExecute(...)
else
  MessageBox(Handle, 'Invalid path to configuration file', 'Error', MB_ICONERROR)

Now, back to the main issue. My first code snippet only works if the system running your application happens to have an appropriate file association post for .conf files, while the second will always open Notepad. A better alternative might be to use the application used to open .txt files. David's answer gives an example of this.

回答2:

How do I open a file with the default text editor?

You need to use ShellExecuteEx and use the lpClass member of SHELLEXECUTEINFO to specify that you want to treat the file as a text file. Like this:

procedure OpenAsTextFile(const FileName: string);
var
  sei: TShellExecuteInfo;
begin
  ZeroMemory(@sei, SizeOf(sei));
  sei.cbSize := SizeOf(sei);
  sei.fMask := SEE_MASK_CLASSNAME;
  sei.lpFile := PChar(FileName);
  sei.lpClass := '.txt';
  sei.nShow := SW_SHOWNORMAL;
  ShellExecuteEx(@sei);
end;

Pass the full path to the file as FileName.