For my application I have to find the position of a point on Google map knowing only that it's located between 2 other points and the time (in ms) when the coordinates have been caught.
In my code, assumed A and B as the points given and X as the point to find, I:
calculate distance between A and B
basing on time I found out the speed (in micro degrees /ms) to travel from A to B
I found the distance from point A and point X (using time and speed)
using similar triangle's rule, I calculate latitude and longitude of point X from point A
This workflow bring out errors on the map, so, often the X marker is not on the line between A and B markers.
How can I make it works better? Is it a problem with the sphericity of the globe?
Thank you to all.
Here is the code:
int ax = oldPoint.getLatitude();
int ay = oldPoint.getLongitude();
int bx = currentPoint.getLatitude();
int by = currentPoint.getLongitude();
long at = oldPoint.getDataRilevamento(); //get time first point
long bt = currentPoint.getDataRilevamento(); // get time second point
long xt = x.getDate(); // time of point to find
int c1 = bx-ax;
int c2 = by-ay;
double hyp = Math.sqrt(Math.pow(c1, 2) + Math.pow(c2, 2));
double vel = hyp / (bt-at);
double pos = vel*(xt - at);
int posx = (int)((pos*c1)/hyp);
int posy = (int)((pos*c2)/hyp);
x.setLatitude(ax+posx); //set the latitude of X
x.setLongitude(ay+posy); // set the longitude of X
Your problem can be solved by taking the following steps.
Calculate the distance from points A and B (use the Haversine formula, which is good enough here, or the more complicated Vincenty formula). To use the
formula correctly, Android's microdegrees, which is what getLatitude
and getLongitude return, must be converted to radians,
using a formula like this:
double radians = Math.toRadians((double)microdegrees/1000000);
Calculate the bearing (direction) from points A and B (use the formula
on the same page). This will be different from the Pythagorean formula because the
earth is round, not flat.
- Then you can choose a new distance and calculate point X given
point A and the bearing found in the previous step (see either "Destination point given distance and bearing from start point" on the same page, or Vincenty's
direct formula).
Convert the radians from the generated point into microdegrees using this formula:
int microdegrees = (int)(Math.toDegrees(radians)*1000000);
Putting it all together, we have the following function, which I place in the public domain:
public static int[] getIntermediatePoint(
int startLatMicroDeg,
int startLonMicroDeg,
int endLatMicroDeg,
int endLonMicroDeg,
double t // How much of the distance to use, from 0 through 1
){
// Convert microdegrees to radians
double alatRad=Math.toRadians((double)startLatMicroDeg/1000000);
double alonRad=Math.toRadians((double)startLonMicroDeg/1000000);
double blatRad=Math.toRadians((double)endLatMicroDeg/1000000);
double blonRad=Math.toRadians((double)endLonMicroDeg/1000000);
// Calculate distance in longitude
double dlon=blonRad-alonRad;
// Calculate common variables
double alatRadSin=Math.sin(alatRad);
double blatRadSin=Math.sin(blatRad);
double alatRadCos=Math.cos(alatRad);
double blatRadCos=Math.cos(blatRad);
double dlonCos=Math.cos(dlon);
// Find distance from A to B
double distance=Math.acos(alatRadSin*blatRadSin +
alatRadCos*blatRadCos *
dlonCos);
// Find bearing from A to B
double bearing=Math.atan2(
Math.sin(dlon) * blatRadCos,
alatRadCos*blatRadSin -
alatRadSin*blatRadCos*dlonCos);
// Find new point
double angularDistance=distance*t;
double angDistSin=Math.sin(angularDistance);
double angDistCos=Math.cos(angularDistance);
double xlatRad = Math.asin( alatRadSin*angDistCos +
alatRadCos*angDistSin*Math.cos(bearing) );
double xlonRad = alonRad + Math.atan2(
Math.sin(bearing)*angDistSin*alatRadCos,
angDistCos-alatRadSin*Math.sin(xlatRad));
// Convert radians to microdegrees
int xlat=(int)Math.round(Math.toDegrees(xlatRad)*1000000);
int xlon=(int)Math.round(Math.toDegrees(xlonRad)*1000000);
if(xlat>90000000)xlat=90000000;
if(xlat<-90000000)xlat=-90000000;
while(xlon>180000000)xlon-=360000000;
while(xlon<=-180000000)xlon+=360000000;
return new int[]{xlat,xlon};
}
And here's how it's used:
int ax = oldPoint.getLatitude();
int ay = oldPoint.getLongitude();
int bx = currentPoint.getLatitude();
int by = currentPoint.getLongitude();
long at = oldPoint.getDataRilevamento(); //get time first point
long bt = currentPoint.getDataRilevamento(); // get time second point
long xt = x.getDate(); // time of point to find
// Find relative time from point A to point B
double t=(bt==at) ? 0 : ((double)(xt-at))/((double)(bt-at));
// Find new point given the start and end points and the relative time
int[] xpos=getIntermediatePoint(ax,ay,bx,by,t);
x.setLatitude(xpos[0]); //set the latitude of X
x.setLongitude(xpos[1]); // set the longitude of X