QT4 How to blur QPixmap image?

问题:

QT4 How to blur QPixmap image?

I am looking for something like one of the following:

Blur(pixmap); 
painter.Blur(); 
painter.Blur(rect);

What is the best way to do this?

回答1:

1st) declare external QT routine:

QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
  extern Q_WIDGETS_EXPORT void qt_blurImage( QPainter *p, QImage &blurImage, qreal radius, bool quality, bool alphaOnly, int transposed = 0 );
QT_END_NAMESPACE

2nd) Use:

  extern QImage srcImg;//source image
  QPixmap pxDst( srcImg.size() );//blurred destination
  pxDst.fill( Qt::transparent );
  {
    QPainter painter( &pxDst );
    qt_blurImage( &painter, srcImg, 2, true, false );//blur radius: 2px
  }

回答2:

Method 1a: grab the raw bits and do it yourself. You'll need to be sufficiently familiar with bitmaps and blurring algorithms to implement the blur yourself. If you want that sort of precision, this is the way to go.

QImage image = pixmap.toImage();
if (image.format() != QImage::Format_RGB32)
     image = image.convertToFormat(QImage::Format_RGB32);
uchar* bits = image.bits();
int rowBytes = image.bytesPerLine();
DoMyOwnBlurAlgorithm(bits, image.width(), image.height(), rowBytes);
return QPixmap::fromImage(image);

Method 1b: who needs raw bits? You can use image.pixel(x,y) and image.setPixel(x,y,color) instead. This won't be as fast as 1a, but it should be a bit easier to understand and code.

QImage image = pixmap.toImage();
QImage output(image.width(), image.height(), image.format());
for (int y=0; y<image.height(); ++y)
   for (int x=0; x<image.width(); ++x)
      output.setPixel(getBlurredColor(image, x, y));
return output;

Method 2: use a QGraphicsBlurEffect, through a widget or scene. The code here uses a label widget:

QPixmap BlurAPixmap(const QPixmap& inPixmap)
{
    QLabel* label = new QLabel();
    label->setPixmap(inPixmap);
    label->setGraphicsEffect(new QGraphicsBlurEffect());
    QPixmap output(inPixmap.width(), inPixmap.height());
    QPainter painter(&output);
    label->render(&painter);
    return output;
}

Tweak as needed. For example, I'm presuming the default graphics blur effect is acceptable. I'm using Method 2 in my project.

回答3:

Check out this:

#include <QtGui/QApplication>
#include <QImage>
#include <QPixmap>
#include <QLabel>

QImage blurred(const QImage& image, const QRect& rect, int radius, bool alphaOnly = false)
{
    int tab[] = { 14, 10, 8, 6, 5, 5, 4, 3, 3, 3, 3, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 };
    int alpha = (radius < 1)  ? 16 : (radius > 17) ? 1 : tab[radius-1];

    QImage result = image.convertToFormat(QImage::Format_ARGB32_Premultiplied);
    int r1 = rect.top();
    int r2 = rect.bottom();
    int c1 = rect.left();
    int c2 = rect.right();

    int bpl = result.bytesPerLine();
    int rgba[4];
    unsigned char* p;

    int i1 = 0;
    int i2 = 3;

    if (alphaOnly)
        i1 = i2 = (QSysInfo::ByteOrder == QSysInfo::BigEndian ? 0 : 3);

    for (int col = c1; col <= c2; col++) {
        p = result.scanLine(r1) + col * 4;
        for (int i = i1; i <= i2; i++)
            rgba[i] = p[i] << 4;

        p += bpl;
        for (int j = r1; j < r2; j++, p += bpl)
            for (int i = i1; i <= i2; i++)
                p[i] = (rgba[i] += ((p[i] << 4) - rgba[i]) * alpha / 16) >> 4;
    }

    for (int row = r1; row <= r2; row++) {
        p = result.scanLine(row) + c1 * 4;
        for (int i = i1; i <= i2; i++)
            rgba[i] = p[i] << 4;

        p += 4;
        for (int j = c1; j < c2; j++, p += 4)
            for (int i = i1; i <= i2; i++)
                p[i] = (rgba[i] += ((p[i] << 4) - rgba[i]) * alpha / 16) >> 4;
    }

    for (int col = c1; col <= c2; col++) {
        p = result.scanLine(r2) + col * 4;
        for (int i = i1; i <= i2; i++)
            rgba[i] = p[i] << 4;

        p -= bpl;
        for (int j = r1; j < r2; j++, p -= bpl)
            for (int i = i1; i <= i2; i++)
                p[i] = (rgba[i] += ((p[i] << 4) - rgba[i]) * alpha / 16) >> 4;
    }

    for (int row = r1; row <= r2; row++) {
        p = result.scanLine(row) + c2 * 4;
        for (int i = i1; i <= i2; i++)
            rgba[i] = p[i] << 4;

        p -= 4;
        for (int j = c1; j < c2; j++, p -= 4)
            for (int i = i1; i <= i2; i++)
                p[i] = (rgba[i] += ((p[i] << 4) - rgba[i]) * alpha / 16) >> 4;
    }

    return result;
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication a(argc, argv);
    QLabel label;
    QImage image("image.png");
    image =  blurred(image,image.rect(),10,false);
    label.setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(image));
    label.show();

    return a.exec();
}

回答4:

Let's contribute to this topic. As of Qt 5.3, following function will help you a lot with applying QGraphicsEffect to QImage (and not losing the alpha)

QImage applyEffectToImage(QImage src, QGraphicsEffect *effect, int extent = 0)
{
    if(src.isNull()) return QImage();   //No need to do anything else!
    if(!effect) return src;             //No need to do anything else!
    QGraphicsScene scene;
    QGraphicsPixmapItem item;
    item.setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(src));
    item.setGraphicsEffect(effect);
    scene.addItem(&item);
    QImage res(src.size()+QSize(extent*2, extent*2), QImage::Format_ARGB32);
    res.fill(Qt::transparent);
    QPainter ptr(&res);
    scene.render(&ptr, QRectF(), QRectF( -extent, -extent, src.width()+extent*2, src.height()+extent*2 ) );
    return res;
}

Them, using this function to blur your image is straightforward:

QGraphicsBlurEffect *blur = new QGraphicsBlurEffect;
blur->setBlurRadius(8);
QImage source("://img1.png");
QImage result = applyEffectToImage(source, blur);
result.save("final.png");

Of course, you don't need to save it, this was just an example of usefulness. You can even drop a shadow:

QGraphicsDropShadowEffect *e = new QGraphicsDropShadowEffect;
e->setColor(QColor(40,40,40,245));
e->setOffset(0,10);
e->setBlurRadius(50);
QImage p("://img3.png");
QImage res = applyEffectToImage(p, e, 40);

And note the extent parameter, it adds extent number of pixels to all sides of the original image, especially useful for shadows and blurs to not be cut-off.

回答5:

A Gaussian blur is a simple way to create a blurring effect.

Edit: And lo, I came across Qt's QGraphicsBlurEffect. Introduced in Qt 4.6, it seems to do exactly what you want.